| temporal arteritis | <pathology> An inflammatory condition of the temporal artery. It is a serious chronic vascular disease, characterised by inflammation of the walls of the blood vessels (vasculitis). The age of affected patients is usually over 50 years of age. It most often involves the carotid artery system, and can lead to blindness or stroke. It can be diagnosed by biopsy of an artery, but there is often a false negative result. Elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is typical. Treatment is with high dose steroids. Common symptoms include headaches and tenderness over the temple (temporal artery). Can be associated with polymyalgia rheumatica. See: polymyalgia rheumatica. Synonym: cranial arteritis, temporal arteritis (20 Jun 2000) |
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| temporal bone | <anatomy> A large irregular bone situated in the base and side of the skull, consisting of three parts, squamous, tympanic and petrous. The bones are distinct at birth; the petrous part contains the vestibulocochlear organ; the bone articulates with the sphenoid, parietal, occipital, and zygomatic bones, and by a synovial joint with the mandible. Synonym: os temporale. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal branch of facial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> <anatomy, neurology> Branches of facial nerve innervating the superior portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle and other muscles of facial expression above the eye. Synonym: rami temporales nervi facialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal canal | <anatomy> A canal in the zygomatic bone transmitting the zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal nerves and vessels. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal cortex | A lobe of the brain which is located laterally and below the cerebrum. Contains auditory and receptive areas. (27 Sep 1997) |
| temporal dispersion | Asynchronous repolarization of myocardial fibres that predisposes to abnormal current flow and ectopic rhythms (especially with bradyarrhythmias). (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal fascia | The fascia covering the temporal muscle; it is composed of two layers, lamina superficialis and lamina profunda; both attach above to the superior temporal line but diverge inferiorly to attach to the lateral and medial surfaces of the zygomatic arch. Synonym: fascia temporalis, temporal aponeurosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal fossa | The space on the side of the cranium bounded by the temporal lines and terminating below at the level of the zygomatic arch. Synonym: fossa temporalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal horn | The part of the lateral ventricle extending downward and forward into the medial part of the temporal lobe. See: lateral ventricle. Synonym: cornu inferius ventriculi lateralis, temporal horn. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal line | See: inferior temporal line, superior temporal line. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal lobe | A lobe of the brain which is located laterally and below the cerebrum. Contains auditory and receptive areas. (27 Sep 1997) |
| temporal lobe epilepsy | Seizures with elaborate and multiple sensory, motor, and/or psychic components. A common feature is the clouding of consciousness and amnesia for the event. Some clinical manifestations may include more complex behaviours like burst of anger, emotional outbursts, fear or automatisms. The EEG often reveals spike discharges in the temporal lobe during sleep. (27 Sep 1997) |
| temporal muscle | <anatomy> A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws; its posterior portion retracts the mandible. (12 Dec 1998) |
| temporal plane | A slightly depressed area on the side of the cranium, below the inferior temporal line, formed by the temporal and parietal bones, the greater wing of the sphenoid, and a part of the frontal bone. Synonym: planum temporale. (05 Mar 2000) |
| temporal pole | The most prominent part of the anterior extremity of the temporal lobe of each cerebral hemisphere, a short distance below the fissure of Sylvius. Synonym: polus temporalis cerebri, temporal pole. (05 Mar 2000) |