| polycystic kidney disease | <disease> A rare inherited condition in which the kidney are composed of multiple cysts. Kidney cysts are associated with an increased incidence of cerebral aneurysm. Symptoms usually appear later (if they do at all) and include blood in the urine, flank pain, excessive urination at night and abdominal pain. Individuals may also have elevated blood pressure. Chronic (end-stage renal disease) renal failure is the most common result in the 5th to 6th decades of life. Incidence: 1 in 5,000. (02 Jan 1998) |
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| cortical arches of kidney | The portions of renal substance (cortex) intervening between the bases of the pyramids and the capsule of the kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cortical lobules of kidney | One of the subdivisions of the kidney, consisting of a medullary ray and that portion of the convoluted port (renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules) associated with its collecting duct. Synonym: lobulus corticalis renalis, renal cortical lobule, renculus, reniculus, renunculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cow kidney | A kidney containing an abnormally large number of minor calices, resembling normal bovine renal anatomy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior segmental artery of kidney | Origin, continuation of the posterior branch of renal. See: segmental arteries of kidney. Synonym: arteria segmenti posterioris renis, artery of posterior segment of kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior surface of kidney | The posterior surface of the kidney. Synonym: facies posterior renis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crush kidney | Acute oliguric renal failure following crushing injuries of muscle; kidney's show the changes of hypoxic tubular damage, plus pigment casts in renal tubules that contain myoglobin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cystic kidney | A general term used to indicate a kidney that contains one or more cysts, including polycystic disease, solitary cyst, multiple simple cysts, and retention cysts (associated with parenchymal scarring). (05 Mar 2000) |
| head kidney | 1. The definitive excretory organ of primitive fishes. Synonym: head kidney. 2. In the embryos of higher vertebrates, a vestigial structure consisting of a series of tortuous tubules emptying into the cloaca by way of the primary nephric duct; in the human embryo, the pronephros is a very rudimentary and temporary structure, followed by the mesonephros and still later by the metanephros. Synonym: forekidney, primordial kidney. Origin: pro-+ G. Nephros, kidney (05 Mar 2000) |
| primordial kidney | 1. The definitive excretory organ of primitive fishes. Synonym: head kidney. 2. In the embryos of higher vertebrates, a vestigial structure consisting of a series of tortuous tubules emptying into the cloaca by way of the primary nephric duct; in the human embryo, the pronephros is a very rudimentary and temporary structure, followed by the mesonephros and still later by the metanephros. Synonym: forekidney, primordial kidney. Origin: pro-+ G. Nephros, kidney (05 Mar 2000) |
| sclerotic kidney | A kidney in which fairly uniform, diffusely and evenly situated foci of scarring of the interstitial tissue of the cortex (and sometimes scarring of glomeruli), and the associated slight degree of bulging of groups of dilated tubules, leads to the development of a minutely bosselated surface; such kidney's are seen in arteriolar nephrosclerosis or chronic glomerulonephritis. Synonym: sclerotic kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hilum of kidney | The depression on the medial border of the kidney through which pass the segmental renal vessels and renal nerves and where the apex of the renal pelvis occurs. Synonym: hilum renalis, porta renis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hind kidney | <anatomy> The most posterior of the three pairs of embryonic renal organs developed in many vertebrates. Origin: NL, fr. Gr. Behind + kidney. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| segmental arteries of kidney | The branches of the renal artery that supply the anatomical segments of kidney. Usually five in number, they are end arteries and give off interlobar, arcuate and interlobular arteries in sequence. The latter send afferent arterioles to the glomeruli as well as branches to the kidney capsule. The segmental arteries of the kidney are identified as: anterior inferior (arteriae segmenti anterioris inferioris renis ); anterior superior (arteriae segmenti anterioris superioris renis ); inferior (arteriae segmenti inferioris renis ); posterior (arteriae segmenti posterioris renis ); and superior (arteriae segmenti superioris renis ). Synonym: arteriae renis, arteries of kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pulpy kidney disease | An enterotoxaemia of sheep caused by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens type D and characterised by sudden death preceded in some cases by excitement, incoordination, and convulsions; also occurs in goats and rarely in cattle. (05 Mar 2000) |