| kidney, polycystic, autosomal dominant | A genetic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance characterised by multiple cysts in both kidneys and progressive deterioration of renal function. It is usually caused by a mutant gene at the pkd1 locus on the short arm of chromosome 16, though mutations elsewhere in the genome can also cause the disease. The age of onset of symptoms varies widely. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| kidney, polycystic, autosomal recessive | Rare genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance characterised by multiple cysts in both kidneys and associated hepatic lesions. Serious manifestations are usually present at birth and there is high perinatal mortality. (12 Dec 1998) |
| kidney profile | <investigation> A test which includes the measurement of the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the creatinine in a venous specimen. This test allows the physician to make a determination of how effectively the kidneys are functioning. (27 Sep 1997) |
| kidney-shaped | Having the form or shape of a kidney; reniform; as, a kidney-shaped leaf. (01 Mar 1998) |
| kidney, sponge | Cystic disease of the medullary portion of the renal pyramids; asymptomatic unless complicated by infection, calculi, or obstruction; should be distinguished from congenital polycystic disease of the kidneys. (12 Dec 1998) |
| kidney stone | <nephrology, urology> The presence of calculi in the kidney or collecting system. The calculi are usually small (2-12mm) solid, crystalline, concretions that develop in the kidney and eventually pass through the genitourinary tract. Stones may be composed of calcium, phosphate or uric acid. (27 Sep 1997) |
| kidney transplantation | The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another. (12 Dec 1998) |
| kidney tubular necrosis, acute | Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of tubular epithelial cells. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ischemia following severe trauma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| kidney tubules, collecting | Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla. (12 Dec 1998) |
| kidney tumour | <oncology> A benign or cancerous growth originating from kidney tissue (for example renal cell carcinoma, hypernephroma). (27 Sep 1997) |
| kidney: urographic patterns | <radiology> Unilateral Bilateral Small kidney(s) Smooth *** *** Scarred *** Large kidney(s) Smooth *** Unifocal *** Multifocal *** *** (12 Dec 1998) |
| fatty kidney | A kidney in which there is fatty metamorphosis of the parenchymal cells, especially fatty degeneration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| unilateral large kidney | <radiology> Multifocal: xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP), malakoplakia, multicystic dysplastic kidney Cf: other urographic patterns smooth kidney: renal vein thrombosis, acute arterial infarction, obstructive uropathy, acute bacterial nephritis, compensatory hypertrophy, duplicated pelvocalyceal system Cf: other urographic patterns multifocal: solid neoplastic mass, malignant, adenocarcinoma, adult nephroblastoma, invasive transitional cell carcinoma, sarcoma, metastasis, benign, hamartoma, adenoma, mesenchymal tumour cystic mass, simple cyst, focal hydronephrosis, multilocular cystic nephroma, arteriovenous malformation Cf: other urographic patterns (12 Dec 1998) |
| unilateral small kidney | <radiology> Scarred: reflux nephropathy, lobar infarction Cf: other urographic patterns smooth kidney: ischemia due to focal arterial disease, chronic infarction, radiation nephritis, congenital hypoplasia, post-obstructive atrophy, post-inflammatory atrophy, reflux atrophy Cf: other urographic patterns (12 Dec 1998) |
| fibrous capsule of kidney | A fibrous membrane ensheathing the kidney. Synonym: capsula fibrosa renis, tunica fibrosa renis. (05 Mar 2000) |