| chlorophyll d | -CH==CH2 replaced by -CO-CH3 in the chlorophyll structure;the chlorophyll found in red algae (Rhodophyceae), together with chlorophyll a. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| chlorophyll esterase | A reversible hydrolyzing enzyme catalyzing the removal of the phytyl group from a chlorophyll, leaving a chlorophyllide. Synonym: chlorophyll esterase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chlorophyll synthetase | <enzyme> Incorporates geranylgeraniol into chlorophyll; requires ATP; as of 11/80 not clear whether this is a synthetase or a combination of a kinase and a transferase Registry number: EC 6.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| chlorophyll unit | The number of chlorophyll molecules required to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide by photosynthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chlorophyllase | A reversible hydrolyzing enzyme catalyzing the removal of the phytyl group from a chlorophyll, leaving a chlorophyllide. Synonym: chlorophyll esterase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chlorophyllide | That which remains of a chlorophyll molecule when the phytyl group is removed. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chlorophyllides | Products of the hydrolysis of chlorophylls in which the phytic acid side chain has been removed and the carboxylic acids saponified. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Chlorophyta | <botany> Division of algae containing photosynthetic pigments similar to those in higher plants and having a green colour. Includes unicellular forms, filaments and leaf like thalluses (e.g. Ulva). Some members form coenobia and the Characean algae have branched filaments. (18 Nov 1997) |
| chloropicrin | CCl3NO2; trichloronitromethane;a toxic lung irritant and lacrimatory gas; it also causes vomiting, colic, and diarrhoea, and therefore is called vomiting gas. Synonym: nitrochloroform. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chloroplast | Photosynthetic organelle of higher plants. Lens shaped and rather variable in size but approximately 5m long. Surrounded by a double membrane and contains circular DNA though not enough to code for all proteins in the chloroplast). Like the mitochondrion, it is semi autonomous. It resembles a cyanobacterium from which, on the endosymbiont hypothesis, it might be derived. The photosynthetic pigment, chlorophyll, is associated with the membrane of vesicles (thylakoids) that are stacked to form grana. (18 Nov 1997) |
| chloroplast DNA | <molecular biology> A circular molecule of DNA found in all photosynthetic plants which codes for the function of photosynthesis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| chloroplasts | Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain chlorophyll. They occur in cells of leaves and young stems. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chloroprednisone | 6a-Chloro-17,21-dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-tr ione;a topical anti-inflammatory agent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chloroprene | <chemical> 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene. Toxic, possibly carcinogenic, monomer of neoprene, a synthetic rubber; causes damage to skin, lungs, CNS, kidneys, liver, blood cells and foetuses. Synonym: 2-chlorobutadiene. Chemical name: 1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro- (12 Dec 1998) |
| chloroprocaine hydrochloride | Beta-Diethylaminoethyl-2-chloro-4-aminobenzoate hydrochloride;a local anaesthetic similar in action and use to procaine hydrochloride. (05 Mar 2000) |