| multicystic dysplastic kidney disease | <radiology> most severe form of renal dysplasia, most common cause of palpaple abdominal mass in infants, unilateral (almost always; if bilateral, death occurs in utero), ureter absent or atretic, not associated with other cysts or with periportal fibrosis, Potter type II (12 Dec 1998) |
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| congenital kidney abnormalities | Kidney abnormalities that are present from birth (for example polycystic kidneys). (27 Sep 1997) |
| contracted kidney | A diffusely scarred kidney in which the relatively large amount of abnormal fibrous tissue and ischemic atrophy leads to a moderate or great reduction in the size of the organ, as in arteriolar nephrosclerosis and chronic glomerulonephritis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| convoluted part of kidney lobule | Proximal and distal convoluted tubules and the associated renal corpuscles supplied by branches of the interlobular arteries. Synonym: labyrinthus, pars convoluta lobuli corticalis renis, labyrinth, Ludwig's labyrinth, renal labyrinth. (05 Mar 2000) |
| convoluted tubule of kidney | The highly convoluted segments of the nephron in the renal labyrinth comprising the proximal convoluted tubule, which leads from Bowman's capsule to the descending limb of Henle's loop, and the distal convoluted tubule, which leads from the ascending limb of Henle's loop to the collecting tube. Synonym: tubulus renalis contortus, Ferrein's tube, tubulus contortus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| polycystic kidney | A progressive disease characterised by formation of multiple cysts of varying size scattered diffusely throughout both kidney's, resulting in compression and destruction of kidney parenchyma, usually with hypertension, gross haematuria, and uraemia; there are two major types: 1) with onset in infancy or early childhood, usually with autosomal recessive inheritance; 2) with onset in adulthood, with autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: polycystic disease of kidneys. (05 Mar 2000) |
| polycystic kidney disease | <disease> A rare inherited condition in which the kidney are composed of multiple cysts. Kidney cysts are associated with an increased incidence of cerebral aneurysm. Symptoms usually appear later (if they do at all) and include blood in the urine, flank pain, excessive urination at night and abdominal pain. Individuals may also have elevated blood pressure. Chronic (end-stage renal disease) renal failure is the most common result in the 5th to 6th decades of life. Incidence: 1 in 5,000. (02 Jan 1998) |
| cortical arches of kidney | The portions of renal substance (cortex) intervening between the bases of the pyramids and the capsule of the kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cortical lobules of kidney | One of the subdivisions of the kidney, consisting of a medullary ray and that portion of the convoluted port (renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules) associated with its collecting duct. Synonym: lobulus corticalis renalis, renal cortical lobule, renculus, reniculus, renunculus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cow kidney | A kidney containing an abnormally large number of minor calices, resembling normal bovine renal anatomy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior segmental artery of kidney | Origin, continuation of the posterior branch of renal. See: segmental arteries of kidney. Synonym: arteria segmenti posterioris renis, artery of posterior segment of kidney. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior surface of kidney | The posterior surface of the kidney. Synonym: facies posterior renis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crush kidney | Acute oliguric renal failure following crushing injuries of muscle; kidney's show the changes of hypoxic tubular damage, plus pigment casts in renal tubules that contain myoglobin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cystic kidney | A general term used to indicate a kidney that contains one or more cysts, including polycystic disease, solitary cyst, multiple simple cysts, and retention cysts (associated with parenchymal scarring). (05 Mar 2000) |
| head kidney | 1. The definitive excretory organ of primitive fishes. Synonym: head kidney. 2. In the embryos of higher vertebrates, a vestigial structure consisting of a series of tortuous tubules emptying into the cloaca by way of the primary nephric duct; in the human embryo, the pronephros is a very rudimentary and temporary structure, followed by the mesonephros and still later by the metanephros. Synonym: forekidney, primordial kidney. Origin: pro-+ G. Nephros, kidney (05 Mar 2000) |