| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> An NADP+ enzyme that catalyses the dehydrogenation (oxidation) of d-glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phospho-d-glucono-d-lactone, this reaction initiating the Dickens shunt. Deficiency of this enzyme is the commonest disease-causing enzyme defect in humans affecting an estimated 400 million people. The gene for this enzyme is on the X chromosome. Males with the enzyme deficiency develop haemolytic anaemia when red blood cells are exposed to oxidant drugs such as the antimalarial primaquine, the sulfonamide antibiotics or sulfones, naphthalene moth balls, or fava beans. Synonym: Robison ester dehydrogenase, Zwischenferment. Acronym: G6PD (12 Sep 2002) |
|---|---|
| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency | A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme important for maintaining cellular concentrations of reduced nucleotides. Deficiency of this enzyme is the commonest disease-causing enzyme defect in humans affecting an estimated 400 million people. The gene for this enzyme is on the X chromosome and there are various polymorphic forms. Males with the enzyme deficiency develop haemolytic anaemia when red blood cells are exposed to oxidant drugs such as the antimalarial primaquine, the sulfonamide antibiotics or sulfones, naphthalene moth balls, or fava beans. It can also cause anaemia of the newborn, and chronic nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia. Inheritance: X-linked. (12 Sep 2002) |
| glucose-6-phosphate isomerase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible interconversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, and is a part of the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. Deficiency of the enzyme, an autosomal recessive trait, results in liver glycogenesis and haemolytic anaemia. Chemical name: D-Glucose-6-phosphate ketol-isomerase Registry number: EC 5.3.1.9 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glucose-6-phosphate translocase | <enzyme> A component of EC 3.1.3.9 which transports glucose phosphate into endoplasmic reticulum Registry number: EC 2.7.- Synonym: t1 transport protein (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose-phosphate isomerase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible interconversion of d-fructose 6-phosphate and d-glucose-6-phosphate; a part of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; glucosephosphate isomerase deficiency is an inherited disorder resulting in liver glycogenesis and haemolytic anaemia. Synonym: hexosephosphate isomerase, phosphohexomutase, phosphohexose isomerase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucosylglycerol-phosphate phosphatase | <enzyme> Isolated from synechocystis; do not confuse with stpa protein from e. Coli Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: stpa gene product, synechocystis (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing) | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of fructose-6-phosphate plus glutamine from glutamate plus glucosamine-6-phosphate. Chemical name: L-Glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (hexose-isomerizing) Registry number: EC 2.6.1.16 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glyceraldehdye 3 phosphate | <biochemistry> Three carbon intermediate of the glycolytic pathway formed by the cleavage of fructose 1,6 bisphosphate, catalysed by the enzyme aldolase. Also involved in reversible interchange between glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate | <biochemistry> In glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is created from dihydroxyacetone phosphate with the aid of triose-phosphate isomerase. In turn, it an dorganic phosphate and NAD+ are converted into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, NADH and free hydrogen with the aid of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase | <biochemistry> In glycolysis, this enzyme catalyses the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and organic phosphate and NAD+ into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and NADH and free hydrogens (and viceversa) by transferring hydrogens and electrons between the molecules. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase | <enzyme> N-terminal amino acid sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 1.2.7.- Synonym: gapor (26 Jun 1999) |
| glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate phosphatase | <enzyme> Groundnut enzyme converts glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to glyceraldehyde Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: glph phosphatase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> From the archaebacterium methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; forms the glycerophosphate which is the mirror image of that found in eubacterial and eukaryotic ether phospholipids Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- Synonym: sn-glycerol-1-phosphate - nad+ oxidoreductase, sn-g-1-p dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that participates in phospholipid biosynthesis, catalyzing the transfer of an acyl group from a fatty acyl-CoA to sn-glycerol-3-phosphate producing coenzyme A and lysophosphatidic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase | Alpha-Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase; 3-phosphoglycerol dehydrogenase;an oxidoreductase that catalyses the interconversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, with the participation of NAD+; its action provides the glycerol moiety from carbohydrate during lipogenesis. (05 Mar 2000) |