| carbonates | Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical co2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| carbonic | Relating to carbon. See also under carbonate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonic acid | <chemical> Carbonic acid (h2c03). The hypothetical acid of carbon dioxide and water. It exists only in the form of its salts (carbonates), acid salts (hydrogen carbonates), amines (carbamic acid), and acid chlorides (carbonyl chloride). Chemical name: Carbonic acid (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbonic acid gas | <biochemistry, physiology> A metabolic byproduct of carbohydrate metabolism. Carbon Dioxide collects in the tissues, is cleared by the blood (via the veins) and removed from the body via the lungs when we exhale air. Abbreviation: CO2 (13 Nov 1997) |
| carbonic acid inhibitor | <pharmacology> A group of diuretic medications which act to inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase to create a metabolic acidosis. Many of these medications are used in the treatment of glaucoma. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome | <syndrome> An inherited deficiency of carbonic anhydrase II that results in osteopetrosis and metabolic acidosis. Synonym: osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitor | <pharmacology> A group of medications (sulphonamide drugs) which inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. These medications are used in the treatment of glaucoma. Examples include acetazolamide, dichlorphenamide and methazolamide. (27 Sep 1997) |
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitors | A class of compounds that reduces the secretion of h+ ions by the proximal kidney tubule through inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (carbonate dehydratase). Although their therapeutic use as diuretics is not frequent, they are used in clinical conditions where alkalinization of the urine is beneficial. Their most frequent application is in the reduction of intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of glaucoma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbonic anhydride | <biochemistry, physiology> A metabolic byproduct of carbohydrate metabolism. Carbon Dioxide collects in the tissues, is cleared by the blood (via the veins) and removed from the body via the lungs when we exhale air. Abbreviation: CO2 (13 Nov 1997) |
| carbonium | An organic cation in which the positive charge is on a carbon atom; e.g., (CH3)+. It is now recommended that carbocation be used as the class name and carbenium be used for specific compound names. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonometer | An obsolete device used in carbonometry. Origin: L. Carbo (carbon-), coal, + G. Metron, measure (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonometry | An obsolete method for the determination of the presence and the proportion of carbon dioxide in the air or expired breath by the precipitation of calcium carbonate from lime water. Synonym: carbometry. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonuria | Rarely used term denoting the excretion of carbon dioxide or other carbon compounds in the urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonyl | The characteristic group, -CO-, of the ketones, aldehydes, and organic acids. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone | <chemical> A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes. Pharmacological action: uncoupling agents, ionophores. Chemical name: Propanedinitrile, ((3-chlorophenyl)hydrazono)- (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Carbon Nitrogen Lyases, Lyases, Carbon-Nitrogen
Synonyms : Carbon Oxygen Ligases, Ligases, Carbon-Oxygen
Synonyms : Carbon Oxygen Lyases, Lyases, Carbon-Oxygen
Synonyms : Carbon Sulfur Ligases, Ligases, Carbon-Sulfur
Synonyms : Carbon Sulfur Lyases, Lyases, Carbon-Sulfur
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| carbon |
(Symbol C.) The 12th element in the periodic table, mass 12.000. Carbon is one of the most versatile elements and combines with itself and many other elements to form a huge variety of organic compounds, for example, hydrocarbons and their derivatives, some of which are found in the atmosphere. Elemental carbon occurs in the atmosphere, mostly in the form of soot from incomplete combustion of organic matter. Smoke particles also have a large proportion of carbonaceous material in them. ...
Ãâó: amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/browse
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|---|---|
| carbohydrate |
An organic compound based on the general formula C x (H 2 O) y , performing many vital roles in living organisms. The simplest carbohydrates are the sugars (saccharides), including glucose and sucrose. Polysaccharides are carbohydrates of much greater molecular weight and complexity; examples are starch, which serves as energy store in plant seeds and tubers; cellulose and lignin that form the cell walls and woody tissue of plants of plants; glycogen, etc.
Ãâó: www.fao.org/docrep/003/X3910E/X3910E06.htm
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| carbohydrate |
Compounds made up of chains of sugar units. Simple carbohydrates include table sugar (sucrose), milk sugar (lactose), and fruit sugar (fructose). Complex carbohydrates are very long chains held together by bonds that may not be digestible in the stomach and intestine of a carnivore. Starch is a digestible complex carbohydrate. Seed hulls such as oat bran are digestible by ruminants and horses, but not carnivores.
Ãâó: www.peteducation.com/dict_alpha_listing.cfm
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| carbohydrate |
Carbohydrates are organic compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They vary from simple sugars containing from three to seven carbon atoms to very complex polymers. Only the hexoses (sugars with six carbon atoms) and pentoses (sugars with five carbon atoms) and their polymers play important roles in nutrition. Carbohydrates in food provide 4 calories per gram.
Ãâó: members.tripod.com/michellejp1/id12.html
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| carbon tetrachloride |
A manufactured compound, most often found as a colorless gas. Because of its harmful effect on the ozone layer, the production and use of carbon tetrachloride in industrialized nations was banned in 1996 under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. It is highly persistent and remains at levels of concern in the environment in the United States; it is an important hazardous air pollutant.
Ãâó: www.epa.gov/envirohealth/children/background/gloss...
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