| acetohydroxamic acid | C2H5NO2; N-Hydroxyacetamide;an inhibitor of urease, used as adjunctive therapy in chronic urea-splitting urinary infections. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| acetoin | <chemical> 3-hydroxy-2-butanone. A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidised to carbon dioxide. Chemical name: 2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy- (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetoin dehydrogenase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of acetoin to diacetyl in the presence of NAD. Chemical name: Acetoin:NAD+ oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.1.1.5 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetoin-2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase | <enzyme> Enzyme from the anaerobe pelobacter carbinolicus; catalyses thiamine pyrophosphate dependent oxidative-hydrolytic cleavage of acetoin, methylacetoin or diacetylacetoin to form acetic acid plus acetaldehyde, acetone or 2-acetic acid, respectively Registry number: EC 1.2.99.- Synonym: aodcpip oxidoreductase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetokinase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the phosphorylation of acetate in the presence of a divalent cation and ATP with the formation of acetylphosphate and ADP. It is important in the glycolysis process. Chemical name: ATP:acetate phosphotransferase Registry number: EC 2.7.2.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetol | An obsolete term for 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, or hydroxyacetone, CH2OH-CO-CH3; also used as a proprietary name for certain commercial items. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetol dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Forms methylglyoxal; uses nad+ Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- Synonym: 1-hydroxyacetone dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetolactate synthase | <enzyme> A flavoprotein that catalyses the formation of acetolactate from 2 moles of pyruvate in the biosynthesis of valine and the formation of acetohydroxybutyrate from pyruvate and alpha-ketobutyrate in the biosynthesis of isoleucine. Chemical name: Acetolactate pyruvate-lyase (carboxylating) Registry number: EC 4.1.3.18 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetolysis | Decomposition of an organic compound with the addition of the elements of acetic acid at the point of decomposition; analogous to hydrolysis and phosphorolysis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetomenaphthone | 2-Methyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone diacetate;menadiol acetylated at both OH groups; a prothrombogenic vitamin. Synonym: acetomenaphthone, vitamin K4. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetometer | <equipment> An instrument for estimating the amount of acetic acid in vinegar or in any liquid containing acetic acid. Origin: L. Acetum = vinegar, F. Acetimetre. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| acetonaemia | <biochemistry> The condition in which acetone bodies are present in the blood. A condition seen in ketoacidosis (due to alcohol abuse or uncontrolled diabetes). Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| acetonaemic | Relating to or caused by acetonaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetone | <chemical> A colourless, flammable liquid which is used as a solvent (it is most familiar as the solvent in nail polish remover). The simplest ketone, it mixes with water, ethyl alcohol, and most oils. It melts at -95.4 deg C. And boils at 56.2 deg C. It is naturally found in very tiny quantities in the body fluids and tissues of healthy people and in somewhat larger amounts in people suffering from diabetes or starvation. (11 Mar 1998) |
| acetone body | <biochemistry> Any of the three compounds created by acetyl coenzyme A (acetoacetate, hydroxybutyrate, and acetone) which are water-soluble cellular fuels normally exported by the liver. They can build up in the blood and body tissues because of starvation, untreated diabetes mellitus, or other disorders that interfere with carbohydrate metabolism. The body rids itself of ketones mainly through urine, but it rids itself of acetone through the lungs, which gives the breath a characteristic fruity odour. If ketones build up in the body long enough, they cause serious illness and coma (see ketoacidosis.) (09 Oct 1997) |