| xylose test | A laboratory aid in diagnosing alimentary or essential pentosuria, conditions in which xylose (a pentose) is excreted; the xylose may be identified by rapid reduction of Benedict's solution, by nonfermentation by yeasts, or by a positive Bial's test for pentose. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| xylose tolerance test | <investigation> This test measures the intestine's ability to absorb the simple sugar, D-xylose. This is an indicator for whether or not nutrients are being absorbed properly in the intestine. This test is often used to evaluate persistent diarrhoea, weight loss, malnutrition and cases of suspected malabsorption. Abnormal results may be seen in the following conditions: Crohn's disease, Giardiasis, hookworm infestation, radiation enteritis, celiac sprue, viral gastroenteritis and Whipple's disease. (27 Sep 1997) |
| creatinine clearance test | <investigation, nephrology> A test of the amount of creatinine in blood or in blood and urine shows if the kidneys are working right or if one or both are diseased. (09 Oct 1997) |
| urea clearance test | A test of renal function based on urea clearance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| xylose | <biochemistry> Monosaccharide pentose that is found in xylans, very abundant components of hemicelluloses. (18 Nov 1997) |
| xylose isomerase | <enzyme> Note that xyla has been used to refer to both xylose isomerase and xylanase a Registry number: EC 5.3.1.5 Synonym: glucose isomerase, d-acidic-ketolysoisomerase (26 Jun 1999) |
| d-xylose absorption | This test measures the intestine's ability to absorb the simple sugar, D-xylose. This is an indicator for whether or not nutrients are being absorbed properly in the intestine. This test is often used to evaluate persistent diarrhoea, weight loss, malnutrition and cases of suspected malabsorption. Abnormal results may be seen in the following conditions: Crohn's disease, Giardiasis, hookworm infestation, radiation enteritis, celiac sprue, viral gastroenteritis and Whipple's disease. (27 Sep 1997) |
| UDP-D-xylose-beta-D-glucoside alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses transfer of xylose from udp-d-xylose to glucose Registry number: EC 2.4.2.- Synonym: udp-xyl-glc axt, beta-glucoside alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDP-D-xylose-xyloside alpha-1,3-xylosyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses transfer of xylose from udp-d-xylose to position 3 of xyl-1-3-glc-r' Registry number: EC 2.4.2.- Synonym: udp-xyl-xyl axt (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDP-galactose 4-O-beta-D-galactosyl-D-xylose galactosyltransferase | <enzyme> Involved in chondroitin sulfate synthesis Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDP-galactose xylose galactosyltransferase | <enzyme> Involved in chondroitin sulfate synthesis Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| uridine diphosphate xylose | <chemical> The decarboxylation product of udpglucuronic acid, which is used for formation of the xylosides of seryl hydroxyl groups in mucoprotein synthesis. Also forms plant xylans. Chemical name: Uridine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P'-alpha-D-xylopyranosyl ester (12 Dec 1998) |
| amylase-creatinine clearance ratio | A test for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis; it is determined by measuring amylase and creatinine in serum and urine in apparently healthy individuals the renal clearance of amylase is less than 5% that of creatinine; in acute pancreatitis the ratio is said to be greater than 0.05 or 5%. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ANP clearance receptors | Cell surface proteins that bind atrial natriuretic peptide and ANP fragments without initiating biological action. (05 Mar 2000) |
| p-aminohippurate clearance | A good measure of renal plasma flow, which it slightly underestimates; when a low plasma concentration of p-aminohippurate (PAH) is maintained by intravenous infusion, the kidney extracts and excretes almost all of the PAH from the plasma before it reaches the renal vein. (05 Mar 2000) |