| 영문 | codon | 한글 | 코돈, 유전자부호 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 단백질의 아미노산 배열을 규정하는 전령 RNA의 3염기 배열을 말한다. 아미노산의 유전암호라고도 한다. 전 생물을 통해서 공통으로 DNA의 염기배열로 표시할 수도 있다. RNA또는 DNA를 구성하는 네 종류의 염기(뉴클레오티드)에서 만들어지는 염기배열의 총수는 64개로, 그 중의 61개가 아미노산을 코드하고 있다. 나머지 세 개(UAA, UAG, UGA)는 단백질 합성을 정지시킬 부호로 정지코돈이라 불린다. 단백질합성의 개시코돈(AUG)은 메티오닌의 코돈과 공통이지만 개시 tRNA에 의해서 인식된다. |
||
| CAI | Codon Adaptation Index |
|---|---|
| PTC | premature termination codon |
| umber codon | The termination codon UGA. Synonym: opal codon. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| umber | 1. A brown or reddish pigment used in both oil and water colours, obtained from certain natural clays variously coloured by the oxides of iron and manganese. It is commonly heated or burned before being used, and is then called burnt umber; when not heated, it is called raw umber. See Burnt umber, below. 2. An umbrere. 3. [F. Ombre, umbre, L. Umbra. <zoology> See Grayling. 4. [Cf. NL. Scopus umbretta, F. Ombrette; probably fr. L. Umbra shade, in allusion to its dark brown colour. See Umber a pigment. <zoology> An African wading bird (Scopus umbretta) allied to the storks and herons. It is dull dusky brown, and has a large occipital crest. Called also umbrette, umbre, and umber bird. Burnt umber, a pigment made by burning raw umber, which is changed by this process from an olive brown to a bright reddish brown. Cologne, or German, umber, a brown pigment obtained from lignite. See Cologne earth. Origin: F. Ombre ocherous ore of iron, terre d'ombre, It. Terra d'ombra, literally, earth of shadow or shade, L. Umbra shadow, shade. Cf. Umber, 3 & 4, Umbrage. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| umber mutation | A mutation yielding the termination codon UGA, resulting in premature termination of a polypeptide chain. Compare: suppressor mutation. Synonym: opal mutation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amber codon | <molecular biology> One of the three terminator codons. Its sequence is UAG. See: ochre codon, opal codon. (18 Nov 1997) |
| ambiguous codon | <molecular biology> A codon that codes for more than one amino acid. (09 Oct 1997) |
| codon | <molecular biology> The coding unit of DNA that specifies the function of the corresponding messenger RNA. A triplet of bases recognised by anticodons on transfer RNA and hence specifying an amino acid to be incorporated into a protein sequence. The code is degenerate, i.e. Each amino acid has more than one codon. The stop codon determines the end of a polypeptide. (18 Nov 1997) |
| codon, initiator | Any codon that directs initiation of genetic translation (translation, genetic) by stimulating the binding of initiator trna. In prokaryotes, the codons aug or gug can act as initiators while in eukaryotes, aug is the only initiator codon. (12 Dec 1998) |
| codon, nonsense | A codon that is not assigned to an amino acid or to any stop signal. It was originally thought that nonsense codons were synonymous with terminator codons (codon, terminator) in that they signaled termination of a protein chain. Recent studies have found this not to be true. (12 Dec 1998) |
| codon, terminator | Any codon that signals the termination of genetic translation (translation, genetic) by triggering the hydrolysis of the aminoacyl bond connecting the completed polypeptide to the trna. Terminator codons (uaa, uag, and uga) do not specify amino acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| punctuation codon | <molecular biology> The three codons, UAA known as ochre, UAG as amber and UGA as opal, that do not code for an amino acid but act as signals for the termination of protein synthesis. They are not represented by any tRNA and termination is catalysed by protein release factors. There are two release factors in E. Coli, RF1 recognises UAA and UAG, RF2 recognises UAA and UGA. Eukaryotes have a single GTP requiring factor, eRF. See: ochre suppressor, amber suppressor. (13 Jan 1998) |
| start codon | The codon 5' AUG in mRNA, at which polypeptide synthesis is started. It is recognised by formylmethionyl tRNA in bacteria and by methionyl tRNA in eukaryotes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| stop codon | <molecular biology> The three codons, UAA known as ochre, UAG as amber and UGA as opal, that do not code for an amino acid but act as signals for the termination of protein synthesis. They are not represented by any tRNA and termination is catalysed by protein release factors. There are two release factors in E. Coli, RF1 recognises UAA and UAG, RF2 recognises UAA and UGA. Eukaryotes have a single GTP requiring factor, eRF. See: ochre suppressor, amber suppressor. (13 Jan 1998) |
| nonsense codon | <molecular biology> The three codons, UAA (known as ochre), UAG (amber) and UGA (opal), that do not code for an amino acid but act as signals for the termination of protein synthesis. Any mutation that causes a base change which produces a nonsense codon results in premature termination of protein synthesis and probably a nonfunctional or nonsense protein. (13 Nov 1997) |
| initiating codon | The trinucleotide AUG (or sometimes GUG) that codes for the first amino acid in protein sequences, formylmethionine; the latter is often removed post-transcriptionally. Synonym: start codon. (05 Mar 2000) |
| initiation codon | The codon 5' AUG in mRNA, at which polypeptide synthesis is started. It is recognised by formylmethionyl tRNA in bacteria and by methionyl tRNA in eukaryotes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| ochre codon | The codon UAA, one of the three that causes termination of protein synthesis. The most frequent termination codon in E. Coli genes. (18 Nov 1997) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|