| ¿µ¹® | alkaline phosphatase | ÇÑ±Û | ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | È¿¼ÒÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÌ¸ç ¿©·¯ °¡Áö µ¿Á¾È¿¼Ò(±â´ÉÀº °°Áö¸¸ ±¸Á¶°¡ ¾à°£¾¿ ´Ù¸¥ È¿¼ÒÇüÅÂ)·Î ½ÅüÀÇ ¿©·¯ ºÎÀ§(ƯÈ÷ »À¿Í °£)¿¡ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. °£³» ¾µ°³°üÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇϸç, »À¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÎ »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷(osteoblast)¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ±× ¿Ü¿¡µµ ¿©·¯ ±â°ü¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ÀÓ»óÀû ÀÇÀÇ´Â °£°ú »ÀÀÇ º´ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·áÈ¿°ú ÆÇÁ¤¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ´Ù. °£, ƯÈ÷ °£¿¡¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ´ãÁóÀ» »ùâÀÚ±îÁö ¿î¹ÝÇÏ´Â ¾µ°³±æÀÌ ¸·Èù °æ¿ì(¾µ°³°ü³»¿¡ Á¾¾çÀÌ »ý±â°Å³ª ¾µ°³µ¹ÁõÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ¼ ¾µ°³°üÀÌ ¸·Èù °æ¿ì)¿¡´Â ¾µ°³³»ÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö°í °£³» ¾µ°³°üÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ±úÁ® ±× ¼Ó¿¡ µé¾î ÀÖ´ø ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò°¡ Ç÷¾×¼ÓÀ¸·Î ¹æÃâµÇ¾î Ç÷Áß ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼ÒÀÇ ³óµµ°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁø´Ù. ±×¸®°í »ÀÀÇ »ý¼ºÀÌ ¸¹¾ÆÁö´Â ¸ðµç °æ¿ì(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é °ñÀý, Á¾¾ç¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ÀÀÇ ÆÄ±«½Ã º¹±¸¸¦ À§Çؼ »ÀÀÇ »ý¼ºÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÑ´Ù), »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È°µ¿ÀÌ Áõ°¡µÇ°í »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È¿¼ÒÀÎ ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼ÒÀÇ È°¼ºµµ ¿ª½Ã Áõ°¡µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | total lung capacity | ÇÑ±Û | ÀüÆó¿ë·®, ¿ÂÇãÆÄ¿ë·® |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ÆóȰ·®(°¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ ±í°Ô µé¿© ¸¶½Å ½ÃÁ¡ºÎÅÍ ÃµÃµÈ÷ ÇѲ¯ ³»½® ¿ë·®)¿¡ Àܱⷮ(ÃÖ´ë ³¯¼ûÀ§Ä¡¿¡¼ Æó³»¿¡ ³²Àº ¿ë·®. ¾à 1,200mL)À» ÇÕÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °Ç°ÇÑ ¼ºÀÎÀº 6,000~7,000mL. Æó±âÁ¾, ¸¸¼º ±â°üÁö¿° µîÀÇ Æó»ö¼º Àå¾Ö·Î Áõ°¡ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â ÇÑÆí ÇãÆÄ¼¶À¯Áõ, ¹«±âÆó, Èä¼ö, Èä°ûº¯Çü µîÀÇ ±¸¼Ó¼º Àå¾Ö·Î °¨¼ÒÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | ÇÑ±Û | µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ÇÙ»êÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î DNA¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. DeoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ÁßÇÕüÀ̸ç À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. RNA¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¹°Àº DNA¸¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ·Î Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine)¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ deoxy- ribonucleotideÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ »ç½½ µÎ °³´Â °¢°¢ deoxyribonucleotide¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿°±âµéÀÌ °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ °³ÀÇ »ç½½ÀÌ °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù. 4°¡Áö ¿°±â ¾Æµ¥´ÑÀº Ƽ¹Î°ú °áÇÕÀ» Çϰí, ½ÃÅä½Å°ú °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀº ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µå´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ±ä »ç½½¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ ¿°±âµéÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä »ç½½Àº ¼·Î ºÙ¾î¼ ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â ¿°±â¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. 4°³ÀÇ ¿°±âÀÇ Á¶ÇÕ°ú ¹è¿ÀÌ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸°üÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÏÈ£ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | retinoic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ·¹Æ¼³ë»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | C20H28O2. ºñŸ¹Î AÀÇ ¾ËÄڿñ⸦ ¾Ëµ¥È÷µå·Î »êÈÇÑ ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã Ä«¸£º¹½Ç»êÀ¸·Î »êÈÇÏ¿© ¾òÀº »ê. ¹ß»ýÁßÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇüŸ¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | ribonucleic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ribonucleotide monomer·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇÙ»êÀ¸·Î ¿°±â, ´ç, ÀλêÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ¿°±â´Â adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracilÀÇ 4Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´çÀº 5ź´çÀÌ´Ù. RNA´Â DNA¸¦ ÁÖÇüÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇÕ, Çü¼ºµÇ¸ç ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Àü·É RNA(mRNA)´Â ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÇ´Â DNAÀÇ ¼¿À» »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Å°Ü ¹Þ¾Æ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â Àü·É±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â RNA. ¸®º¸¼Ø RNA(rRNA) ¸®º¸¼ØÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â 4°¡Áö RNA»ç½½(28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S·Î ±¸¼º). Àü´Þ RNA(tRNA) ƯÁ¤ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ» ÇÑÂÊ ³¡¿¡ Áö´Ï°í »óº¸Àû ¼¿ÀÇ mRNA¿Í ÀϽÃÀû °áÇÕÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â RNAÀÌ´Ù. |
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| TCA | T-cell A locus; terminal cancer; tetracyclic antidepressant; total cholic acid; total circulating al... |
|---|---|
| TC | target cell; taurocholate; temperature compensation; teratocarcinoma; tertiary cleavage; tetracyclin... |
| AP | accessory pathway; accounts payable; acid phosphatase; acinar parenchyma; action potential; active p... |
| PAP | pancreatitis-associated protein; Papanicolaou [test]; papaverine; passive-aggressive personality; pa... |
| NAP | nasion, point A, pogonion [convexity or concavity of the facial profile]; nerve action potential; ne... |
| APAAP | Alkaline Phosphatase anti-Alkaline Phosphatase |
|---|---|
| T-ALP | total alkaline phosphatase |
| TAP | total alkaline phosphatase |
| total-C | Total cholesterol |
| TrACP | 5-tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase |
| acid phosphatase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. Chemical name: Orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum) Registry number: EC 3.1.3.2 (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| acid phosphatase test for semen | A screening test for semen by determining acid phosphatase content; because seminal fluid contains high concentrations of acid phosphatase, while other body fluids and extraneous foreign materials have very low concentrations, high values of acid phosphatase on vaginal aspirate or lavage, or on wash fluid from stains, render positive identification of semen, even if the male is aspermic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gomori's non-specific acid phosphatase stain | <technique> A method in which formalin-fixed frozen sections are incubated in a substrate containing sodium beta-glycerophosphate and lead nitrate at pH 5.0; the insoluble lead phosphate produced is treated with ammonium sulfide to give a black lead sulfide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostate acid phosphatase | An enzyme produced by the prostate that is elevated in some patients with prostate cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purple acid phosphatase | <enzyme> 110-kD glycoprotein with fe(iii)-zn(ii) centre; isolated from the red kidney bean phaseolus vulgaris; genbank p80366 Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: tartrate-resistant purple acid phosphatase, fe(iii)-zn(ii) purple acid phosphatase, kbpase (26 Jun 1999) |
| okadaic acid-sensitive phosphatase | <enzyme> Negatively controls the cyclin degradation pathway in amphibian eggs Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: oas-phosphatase (26 Jun 1999) |
| tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase | <biochemistry, enzyme> Acid phosphatase is present in bone, prostate, platelets, erythrocytes and spleen. Osteoclasts contain an isoenzyme that is resistant to tartrate, whereas, the isoenzyme in the prostate is sensitive. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is elevated in the serum of patients with primary hypoparathyroidism, Paget disease, vertebral osteoporosis, T-cell lymphoma and in women after oophorectomy. Oestrogen replacement in osteoporotic postmenopausal women is associated with a decrease in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase of 70% over 3 to 6 months. Acronym: TRAP (16 Dec 1997) |
| lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase | <enzyme> Forms 1-acyl-sn-glycerol plus pi Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| radical mastectomy, total | Breast cancer treatment involving removal of the breast, the pectoral (chest) muscles, lymph nodes (the glands ) in the armpit and associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. (12 Dec 1998) |
| parenteral nutrition, home total | The at-home administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously or by some other non-alimentary route. (12 Dec 1998) |
| parenteral nutrition, total | The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or by some other non-alimentary route. The basic components of tpn solutions are protein hydrolysates or free amino acid mixtures, monosaccharides, and electrolytes. Components are selected for their ability to reverse catabolism, promote anabolism, and build structural proteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reversal of organs, total | This condition (medically called situs inversus totalis) involves complete transposition (right to left reversal) of the thoracic and abdominal organs. The heart is not in its usual position in the left chest but is on the right. Specifically related to the heart, this is referred to as dextrocardia (literally, right-hearted). And the stomach, which is normally in the left upper abdomen, is on the right. In patients with situs inversus totalis, all of the chest and abdominal organs are reversed and appear in mirror image when examined or visualised by tests such as X-ray filming. Situs inversus totalis has been estimated to occur once in about 6-8,000 births. Situs inversus occurs in a rare abnormal condition that is present at birth (congenital) called kartagener's syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| communication methods, total | Utilization of all available receptive and expressive modes for the purpose of achieving communication with the hearing impaired, such as gestures, postures, facial expression, types of voice, formal speech and non-speech systems, and simultaneous communication. (12 Dec 1998) |
| congenital total lipodystrophy | Lipodystrophy characterised by almost complete lack of subcutaneous fat, accelerated rate of growth and skeletal development during the first 3 to 4 years of life, muscular hypertrophy, cardiac enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, hypertrichosis, renal enlargement, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypermetabolism; both autosomal dominant and X-linked varieties exist. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hysterectomy, total | Complete surgical removal of the uterus and cervix. Also called a complete hysterectomy. (12 Dec 1998) |
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