| topo- | Top- Place, topical. Origin: G. Topos (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| topoanesthesia | Synonym: topagnosis. Origin: topo-+ anaesthesia (05 Mar 2000) |
| topognosis | Topognosia Recognition of the location of a sensation; in the case of touch, topesthesia. Origin: topo-+ G. Gnosis, knowledge (05 Mar 2000) |
| topogometer | A movable fixation target attached to the front of a keratometer, used in fitting contact lenses to measure the curvatures of the cornea in its peripheral zones. Origin: topo-+ G. Gonia, angle, + metron, measure (05 Mar 2000) |
| topographer | One who is skilled in the science of topography; one who describes a particular place, town, city, or tract of land. "Dante is the one authorised topographer of the mediaeval hell." (Milman) Origin: Cf. F. Topographe, Cr. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| topographic | Of or pertaining to topography; descriptive of a place. Topograph"ically, Topographical map. See Cadastral. Topographical surveying. See Surveying. Origin: Cf. F. Topographique. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| topographic anatomy | An approach to anatomical study based on regions, parts, or divisions of the body (e.g., the foot or the inguinal region), emphasizing the relationships of various systemic structures (e.g., muscles, nerves, and arteries) within that area; distinguished from systemic anatomy. Synonym: topographic anatomy, topology. (05 Mar 2000) |
| topographic map | <anatomy, neurology> The spatially ordered projection of neurons onto their target, for example in the retino tectal projection, retinal ganglion cell axons project along the optic nerve to the contralateral tectum where they ramify to form terminal arbors. The target sites of the terminal arbors are ordered: neurons from a specific region of the retina consistently project to a specific region of the tectum, forming a map of the retina on the tectum. (18 Nov 1997) |
| topographical | Of or pertaining to topography; descriptive of a place. Topograph"ically, Topographical map. See Cadastral. Topographical surveying. See Surveying. Origin: Cf. F. Topographique. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| topographical control | Those phenomena of cell behaviour in which the shape of the local substrate of the cell affects its behaviour. See: contact guidance. (18 Nov 1997) |
| topographist | A topographer. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| topography | <microscopy> The surface features of an object or how it looks its texture, direct relation between these features and materials properties (hardness, reflectivity etc.). (05 Aug 1998) |
| topography, medical | The systematic surveying, mapping, charting, and description of specific geographical sites, with reference to the physical features that were presumed to influence health and disease. Often associated with hippocrates, the process became a significant part of public health investigation and epidemiological methodology, particularly between the 17th and 19th centuries. Medical topography should be differentiated from epidemiology in that the former emphasizes geography whereas the latter emphasizes disease outbreaks. (dr. James h. Cassedy, nlm history of medicine division) (12 Dec 1998) |
| topoinhibition | Term used to describe the inhibition of cell proliferation as the cells become closely packed on a culture dish: generally superseded by the term density dependent inhibition. (18 Nov 1997) |
| topoisomerase | <enzyme> That change the degree of supercoiling in DNA by cutting one or both strands. Type I topoisomerases cut only one strand of DNA, type I topoisomerase of E. Coli (omega protein) relaxes negatively supercoiled DNA and does not act on positively supercoiled DNA. Type II topoisomerases cut both strands of DNA, type II topoisomerase of E. Coli (DNA gyrase) increases the degree of negative supercoiling in DNA and requires ATP. It is inhibited by several antibiotics, including nalidixic acid and ovobiocin. (18 Nov 1997) |