| Benedict-Roth calorimeter | <apparatus, physiology> A device employed to measure the amount of oxygen utilised in quiet breathing in the basal state for the estimation of the basal metabolic rate; the subject rebreathes oxygen through soda lime from a recording spirometer. (14 Aug 2000) |
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| bomb calorimeter | An instrument which measures the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. It is used for determining the potential energy of organic substances, including those in foods. It consists of a hollow steel container, lined with platinum and filled with pure oxygen, into which a weighed quantity of substance is placed and ignited with an electric fuse; the heat produced is absorbed by water surrounding the bomb and, from the rise in temperature, the calories liberated are calculated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| calorimeter | <radiobiology> In conventional fusion research, this name refers to any device used to measure power or energy in a laser or particle beam. (for example, for ICF or neutral beam heating or a magnetically-confined plasma.) (09 Oct 1997) |
| abdominal respiration | Breathing effected mainly by the action of the diaphragm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aerobic respiration | A form of respiration in which molecular oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide and water are produced. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amphoric respiration | A sound like that made by blowing across the mouth of a bottle, heard on auscultation in some cases in which a large pulmonary cavity exists, or occasionally in pneumothorax. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anaerobic respiration | Respiration under anaerobic conditions. The terminal electron acceptor, instead of oxygen in the case of regular respiration, can be: carbon dioxide, Fe2+, fumarate, nitrate, nitrite, nitrous oxide, sulphur, sulphate, etc. Note that anaerobic respiration still uses the electron transport chain to dump the electron while fermentation does not. (09 Oct 1997) |
| artificial respiration | Application of mechanically or manually generated pressures, usually positive, to gas(es) in or about the airway as a means of producing gas exchange between the lungs and surrounding atmosphere. Synonym: artificial respiration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| assisted respiration | Application of mechanically or manually generated positive pressure to gas(es) in or about the airway during inhalation as a means of augmenting movement of gases into the lungs. Synonym: assisted respiration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Biot's respiration | Completely irregular breathing pattern, with continually variable rate and depth of breathing; results from lesions in the respiratory centres in the brainstem, extending from the dorsomedial medulla caudally to the obex. Synonym: ataxic breathing, Biot's breathing, respiratory ataxia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bronchial respiration | A tubular blowing sound caused by the passage of air through a bronchus in an area of consolidated lung tissue. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bronchovesicular respiration | Combined bronchial and vesicular respiration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paradoxical respiration | Deflation of the lung during inspiration and inflation of the lung during the phase of expiration; seen in the lung on the side of an open pneumothorax. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vesicular respiration | The respiratory murmur heard on auscultating over the normal lung. Synonym: respiratory murmur, vesicular murmur. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vesiculocavernous respiration | Cavernous respiration, due to the presence of a cavity, mingled with the vesicular murmur of the surrounding normal lung tissue. (05 Mar 2000) |