| adrenergic blockade | Selective inhibition by a drug of the responses of effector cells to adrenergic sympathetic nerve impulses (sympatholytic) and to epinephrine and related amines (adrenolytic). (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| blockade | 1. Intravenous injection of large amounts of colloidal dyes or other substances whereby the reaction of the reticuloendothelial cells to other influences (e.g., by phagocytosis) is temporarily prevented. 2. Arrest of peripheral nerve conduction or transmission at autonomic synaptic junctions, autonomic receptor sites, or myoneural junctions by a drug. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglionic blockade | Inhibition of nerve impulse transmission at autonomic ganglionic synapses by drugs such as nicotine or hexamethonium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| virus blockade | The interference of one virus by another, either attenuated or unrelated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cholinergic blockade | Inhibition by a drug of nerve impulse transmission at autonomic ganglionic synapses (ganglionic blockade), at postganglionic parasympathetic effector cells (e.g., by atropine), and at myoneural junctions (myoneural blockade), the inhibition of a cholinergic agent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| myoneural blockade | Inhibition of nerve impulse transmission at myoneural junctions by a drug such as curare. (05 Mar 2000) |
| narcotic blockade | The use of drugs to inhibit the effects of narcotic substances, as with naloxone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuromuscular blockade | The intentional interruption of transmission at the neuromuscular junction by external agents, usually neuromuscular blocking agents. It is distinguished from nerve block in which nerve conduction is interrupted rather than neuromuscular transmission. Neuromuscular blockade is commonly used to produce muscle relaxation as an adjunct to anaesthesia during surgery and other medical procedures. It is also often used as an experimental manipulation in basic research. It is not strictly speaking anaesthesia but is grouped here with anaesthetic techniques. The failure of neuromuscular transmission as a result of pathological processes is not included here. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sympathetic blockade | Interruption of transmission in sympathetic ganglia or conduction of impulses in pre-or postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute renal failure | <nephrology> A sudden decline in renal function may be triggered by a number of acute disease processes. Examples include sepsis (infection), shock, trauma, kidney stones, kidney infection, drug toxicity (aspirin or lithium), poisons or toxins (drug abuse) or after injection with an iodinated contrast dye (adverse effect). Chronic renal failure represents a slow decline in kidney function over time. Chronic renal failure may be caused by a number of disorders which include long-standing hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, lupus or sickle cell anaemia. Both forms of renal failure result in a life-threatening metabolic derangement. (27 Sep 1997) |
| aminoaciduria, renal | Impairment of renal tubular transport of amino acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| back-pressure renal atrophy | <radiology> Caliectasis without obstruction, due to repeated episodes of obstruction, gradual loss of renal pyramids (12 Dec 1998) |
| base of renal pyramid | The outer broad part of a renal pyramid that lies next to the cortex. Synonym: basis pyramidis renis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| branchio-oto-renal syndrome | <syndrome> An autosomal dominant disorder manifested by various combinations of preauricular pits, branchial fistulae or cysts, lacrimal duct stenosis, hearing loss, structural defects of the outer, middle, or inner ear, and renal dysplasia. Associated defects include asthenic habitus, long narrow facies, constricted palate, deep overbite, and myopia. Hearing loss may be due to mondini type cochlear defect and stapes fixation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| capsular branches of renal artery | <anatomy, artery> Branches arising from the renal artery outside of the kidney that are distributed to the renal capsule. Synonym: rami capsulares arteriae renalis. (05 Mar 2000) |