| proteo- | Protein. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| proteochondroitin sulfates | Proteoglycans found in cartilage. They consist of several chondroitin sulfate molecules linked to protein(s) by neutral sugar linkage regions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| proteoclastic | Synonym: proteolytic. Origin: proteo-+ G. Klastos, broken (05 Mar 2000) |
| proteogenic | Capable of producing proteins. Synonym: proteinogenic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| proteoglycan | <protein> A high molecular weight complex of protein and polysaccharide, characteristic of structural tissues of vertebrates, such as bone and cartilage, but also present on cell surfaces. Important in determining viscoelastic properties of joints and other structures subject to mechanical deformation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), the polysaccharide units in proteoglycans, are polymers of acidic disaccharides containing derivatives of the amino sugars glucosamine or galactosamine. (18 Nov 1997) |
| proteoglycan I | A small proteoglycan, 150-240 kD, of the extracellular matrix. The core protein has a mass of _42 kD and is very similar to the core protein of decorin and fibromodulin. All three have highly conserved sequences containing 10 internal homologous repeats of _ 25 amino acids with leucine rich motifs. Biglycan has two glycosaminoglycan chains, either chondroitin sulphate or dermatan sulphate and N linked oligosaccharides. (18 Nov 1997) |
| proteoglycanase | <enzyme> Metal-dependent; acts at neutral pH; degrades the protein core without acting on carbohydrate side chains Registry number: EC 3.4.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| proteoglycans | Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Proteoheparan sulphate | <protein> Obsolete term for hydrophobic Integral membrane proteins. (18 Nov 1997) |
| proteohormone | An obsolete term for a hormone possessing a protein structure. (05 Mar 2000) |
| proteolipid protein | <protein> Highly conserved membrane protein (30 kD) in myelin. Cellular function obscure but mutations lethal for example jimpy mouse and Pelizaeus Merzbacher disease of man. (18 Nov 1997) |
| proteolipids | Protein-lipid combinations abundant in brain tissue, but also present in a wide variety of animal and plant tissues. In contrast to lipoproteins, they are insoluble in water, but soluble in a chloroform-methanol mixture. The protein moiety has a high content of hydrophobic amino acids. The associated lipids consist of a mixture of phosphoglycerides, cerebrosides, and sulfatides, while lipoproteins contain phospholipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides. (12 Dec 1998) |
| proteolysis | <cell biology> Cleavage of proteins by proteases. Limited proteolysis occurs where proteins are functionally modified (activated in the case of zymogens) by highly specific proteases. (18 Nov 1997) |
| proteolytic | 1. Pertaining to, characterised by or promoting proteolysis. 2. An enzyme that promotes proteolysis (= the splitting of proteins by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds with formation of smaller polypeptides). Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution (18 Nov 1997) |
| proteolytic enzyme | <enzyme> See protease or peptidase. (18 Nov 1997) |