| PI | first meiotic prophase; isoelectric point; pacing impulse; package insert; pancreatic insufficiency;... |
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| ASGB | Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding |
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| b | C-banding |
| LASGB | Laparoscopic Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding |
| PAB | Pulmonary Artery Banding |
| prophase | Classical term for the first phase of mitosis or of one of the divisions of meiosis. During this phase the chromosomes condense and become visible. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| prophase i | The first stage in the first meiotic division of meiosis. The individual chromosomes of the cell become clearly visible within the nucleus with a light microscope as they condense from long, thin, wispy structures to thick structures, and they appear as a tangled jumble of paired, identical chromatids. Prophase ends with the disappearance of the nuclear membrane. This is identical to the prophase stage of mitosis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| prophase II | The first stage in the second meiotic division of meiosis, following telophase I. In each of the two cells which were produced by the first meiotic division, the chromosomes migrate towards the cells centre. The stage ends when the chromosomes are aligned along a single plane in the centre of each cell. (09 Oct 1997) |
| banding | <dentistry> The process of cementing orthodontic bands to your teeth. (08 Jan 1998) |
| banding of chromosomes | Treatment of chromosomes to reveal characteristic patterns of horizontal bands. Thanks to these banding patterns that resemble bar codes, each human chromosome is distinctive and can be identified without ambiguity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| banding pattern | <genetics> Chromosomes stained with certain dyes, commonly quinacrine (Q banding) or Giemsa (G banding), show a pattern of transverse bands of light and heavy staining that is characteristic for the individual chromosome. The basis of the differential staining, which is the same in most tissues, is not understood: each band represents 5-10% of the length, about 10exp7 base pairs, although this is not true for polytene chromosomes in Drosophila that show more than 4000 bands. (18 Nov 1997) |
| BrDu-banding | The labeling of chromosomes in proliferating tissue by adding an excess of bromodeoxyuridine, which replaces the uridine incorporated in RNA and fluoresces in ultraviolet light; the bands result from sister chromatid exchanges. (05 Mar 2000) |
| G-banding | <genetics> Chromosomes stained with certain dyes, commonly quinacrine (Q banding) or Giemsa (G banding), show a pattern of transverse bands of light and heavy staining that is characteristic for the individual chromosome. The basis of the differential staining, which is the same in most tissues, is not understood: each band represents 5-10% of the length, about 10exp7 base pairs, although this is not true for polytene chromosomes in Drosophila that show more than 4000 bands. (18 Nov 1997) |
| G-banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| R-banding | See: R-banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| R-banding stain | <technique> A reverse Giemsa chromosome banding method that produces bands complementary to G-bands; induced by treatment with high temperature, low pH, or acridine orange staining; often used together with G-banding on human karyotype to determine whether there are deletions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Giemsa chromosome banding stain | <technique> A unique chromosome staining technique, used in human cytogenetics to identify individual chromosomes, which produces characteristic bands. It utilises acetic acid fixation, air drying, denaturing chromosomes mildly with proteolytic enzymes, salts, heat, detergents, or urea, and finally Giemsa stain; chromosome bands appear similar to those fluorochromed by Q-banding stain. Synonym: Giemsa chromosome banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| C banding | <molecular biology> Method of defining chromosome structure by staining with Giemsa and looking at the banding pattern in the heterochromatin of the centromeric regions. Giemsa banding (G banding) of the whole chromosome gives higher resolution. Q banding is done with quinacrine. (18 Nov 1997) |
| C-banding stain | <technique> A selective chromosome banding stain used in human cytogenetics, employing Giemsa stain after most of the DNA is denatured or extracted by treatment with alkali, acid, salt, or heat; only heterochromatic regions close to the centromeres and rich in satellite DNA stain, with the exception of the Y chromosome whose long arm usually stains throughout. Synonym: centromere banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centromere banding stain | <technique> A selective chromosome banding stain used in human cytogenetics, employing Giemsa stain after most of the DNA is denatured or extracted by treatment with alkali, acid, salt, or heat; only heterochromatic regions close to the centromeres and rich in satellite DNA stain, with the exception of the Y chromosome whose long arm usually stains throughout. Synonym: centromere banding stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
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