| ¿µ¹® | population | ÇÑ±Û | ¸ðÁý´Ü |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Åë°è¿ë¾î·Î, Åë°èÀûÀÎ °üÂûÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ´Â Áý´Ü Àüü. ÃøÁ¤À̳ª Á¶»ç¸¦ Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Ç¥º»À» »Ì¾Æ³»´Â ¹ÙÅÁÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸ðÁý´Ü¿¡¼ ¼±ÃâµÈ ÀϺδ ǥº»À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ Á¶»ç¿¡¼´Â ¸ðÁý´ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç Á¤º¸¸¦ ÆÄ¾ÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °ï¶õÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡, ÃßÃâÇÑ Ç¥º»¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏ¿© ¸ðÁý´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ °á·ÐÀ» ³»¸®°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | population | ÇÑ±Û | Àα¸, ¸ðÁý´Ü |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¼ö ¼¼´ë¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© À¯Àü¼º ¹× ¹®ÈÀû °è¼Ó¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Ư¡Áö¿öÁö°í, ÀÎÁ¢ÇÏ¿© ºÐÆ÷Çϰí ÀÖ´Â ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Áö¿ª¿¡ »ç´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼ö. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | basal metabolic rate(BMR) | ÇÑ±Û | ±âÃÊ´ë»çÀ² |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ç¥ÁØ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®°ú ºñ±³ÇßÀ» ¶§ °³Ã¼ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®ÀÌ º¸ÀÌ´Â ÆíÂ÷¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇÏ´Â Áö¼ö. ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®Àº »ý¸íÀ» À¯ÁöÇϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö ´ë»ç·®À̸ç, ¼º°ú ¿¬·ÉÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °Ç°ÀÎÀÇ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®Àº üǥ¸éÀû¿¡ ºñ·ÊÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀ» üǥ¸éÀûÀÇ ¹ýÄ¢À̶ó°í Çϸç, 1882³â µ¶ÀÏÀÇ ´ë»ç»ý¸®ÇÐÀÚ M. ºê·ç³Ê¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦Ã¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. üǥ¸éÀûÀº ½ÅÀå°ú üÁß¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »êÃâµÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¼º-¿¬·É-½ÅÀå-üÁßÀ» ¾Ë¸é Ç¥ÁرâÃÊ·® Y°¡ »êÃâµÇ°í ½ÇÁ¦ÀÇ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·® X´Â »ê¼Ò¼Òºñ·®°ú ÀÌ»êÈź¼Ò ¹ß»ý·®¿¡¼ »êÃâµÈ´Ù. ±×¸®°í X¿Í YÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ Y·Î ³ª´« °ª(%)À» ±âÃÊ´ë»çÀ²À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. °æÇèÀûÀ¸·Î ¾òÀº BMRÀÇ °£´ÜÇÑ ÃøÁ¤¹ýµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ½ÄÀ¸·Î ±¸ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ½Ä¿¡¼ ¸ÆÆøÀ̶õ ÃÖ°íÇ÷¾Ð°ú ÃÖÀúÇ÷¾ÐÀÇ Â÷¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. BMR(%)=0.75(1ºÐ ¸Æ¹Ú¼ö + 0.74¡¿¸ÆÆø)£72. BMRÀÌ 10% À̳»À̸é Á¤»ó¹üÀ§, +10% ÀÌ»óÀÌ¸é ±âÃÊ´ë»çÇ×Áø, £10% ÀÌÇÏÀÌ¸é ±âÃÊ´ë»ç ÀúÇ϶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ±âÃÊ´ë»ç´Â °øº¹½Ã(½ÄÈÄ 10½Ã°£ °æ°ú)¿¡ ¾ÈÁ¤µÈ »óÅ¿¡¼ ´ÜÀ§ ½Ã°£´ç ÀÌ¿ëµÇ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ¾ç, Áï, ÇÑ ½Ã°£´ç, ¸ö Ç¥¸éÀÇ 1m2´ç ¶Ç´Â ¸ö¹«°Ô 1kg ´ç Ä®·Î¸®·Î ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. À̰ÍÀº °³Àο¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£¸ç Àå±â°£¿¡´Â °ÅÀÇ º¯È°¡ ¾øÁö¸¸ Áúº´ µîÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ º¯µ¿µÈ´Ù. ½ÇÃøÇÑ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç¸¦ Ç¥ÁØÄ¡¿Í ºñ±³ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Áúº´ÀÇ Áø´Ü µî¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù BMR=(½ÇÃøÄ¡-Ç¥ÁØÄ¡)/Ç¥ÁØÄ¡ ¡¿100(%)·Î ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | five-year survival rate | ÇÑ±Û | ¿À³â»ýÁ¸À² |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. µ¿ÀÏ Áúº´ÀÇ Áø´Ü ȤÀº Ä¡·á ÈÄ, 5³âÀÌ °æ°ú µÈ µÚÀÇ »ýÁ¸ÀÚ¼öÀÇ Ç¥Çö. 2. ¾ÏÀÇ Áø´Ü ¶Ç´Â Ä¡·á µÚ¿¡ °Ë»ç¸¦ ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ¿© 5³â µ¿¾È »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¹éºÐÀ². Ä¡·á ÈÄ 5³â µ¿¾È »ýÁ¸Çϸé ÀÏ´Ü Ä¡À¯µÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÑ´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | ESR(Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) | ÇÑ±Û | ÀûÇ÷±¸Ä§°¼Óµµ, Ç÷ħ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ÀÀ°íµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÁöÇÏ´Â Ç×ÀÀ°íÁ¦¸¦ ³ÖÀº Ç÷¾×À» ħ°¿ë À¯¸®°ü¿¡ ³Ö¾î °¡¸¸È÷ ¼¼¿ö µÎ¾úÀ» ¶§ ÀûÇ÷±¸°¡ °¡¶ó¾É´Â ¼Óµµ¸¦ À̸£´Â ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. 1918³â ½º¿þµ§ÀÇ º´¸®ÇÐÀÚ ÆÄ·¹¿ì½ºÀÇ Ã¢¾È¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÃøÁ¤¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¿©·¯ °¡Áö°¡ Àִµ¥, ±¹Á¦Ç¥ÁعýÀ¸·Î´Â 1973³â ¿þ½ºÅͱ׷»¹ýÀÇ 1½Ã°£¹ýÀÌ ¼±Á¤µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 1977³â ±×°ÍÀ» °³Á¤ÇÏ¿© °¢±¹¿¡¼ ¾²µµ·Ï ±ÇÀåÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. 1½Ã°£ ÈÄ Ä§°¿ë À¯¸®°ü À§ÂÊÀÇ Ç÷Àå±âµÕÀÇ ³ôÀ̸¦ mm·Î Àоî, ±×°ÍÀ» ÀûÇ÷±¸Ä§°ÀÇ 1½Ã°£°ªÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à Ç÷Àå°ú ÀûÇ÷±¸ÀÇ °æ°è°¡ ¼±¸íÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ °æ¿ì, ÀûÇ÷±¸ÀÇ ¹Ðµµ°¡ ±× ÀÌÇÏ¿¡¼´Â ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©°ÜÁö´Â °÷ÀÇ ´«±ÝÀ» Àоî ÀûÇ÷±¸Ä§°ÀÇ 1½Ã°£°ªÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ÃøÁ¤ ¶§ÀÇ ½Ç³»¿Âµµ´Â 18~25µµ·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î À̺¸´Ù ¿Âµµ°¡ ³ôÀº °æ¿ì´Â Ç÷ħ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÃËÁøµÇ¸ç, ³·Àº °æ¿ì´Â ´Ê¾îÁø´Ù. Á¤»ó °ªÀº 2~10mm(³²ÀÚ), 3~15mm(¿©ÀÚ)À̸ç 15¼¼ ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ¾î¸°ÀÌ, 50¼¼ ÀÌ»óÀÇ °í·ÉÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ¾à°£ ³ô´Ù. |
||
| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); ½ÉÀüµµ = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
|---|---|
| CPR | cardiopulmonary reserve; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; centripetal rub; cerebral cortex perfusion r... |
| CSR | central supply room; chart-stimulated recall [test]; Cheyne-Stokes respiration; continued stay revie... |
| PR | by way of the rectum [Lat. per rectum]; far point [of accommodation] [Lat. punctum remotum]; palindr... |
| ACR | abnormally contracting region; absolute catabolic rate; acriflavine; adenomatosis of colon and rectu... |
| CPS | Current Population Survey |
|---|---|
| EPESE | Established Population for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly |
| NPHS | National Population Health Survey |
| POHEM | POpulation HEalth Model |
| PAR | Population Attributable Risk |
creatine kinase
| growth rate of population | <epidemiology> A measure of population change in the absence of migration, comprising addition of newborns and subtraction of deaths; the result is known as the natural rate of increase of the population; it is the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| anaemia, refractory, with excess of blasts | Chronic refractory anaemia with granulocytopenia, and/or thrombocytopenia. Myeloblasts and progranulocytes constitute 5 to 40 percent of the nucleated marrow cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antibody excess | In a precipitation test, the presence of antibody in an amount greater than that required to combine with all of the antigen present. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigen excess | In a precipitation test, the presence of uncombined antigen above that required to combine with all of the antibody; precipitation may be inhibited because the presence of excess antigen gives rise to soluble antigen-antibody complexes, in vivo the resultant antigen-antibody interaction in such an antigen excess may give rise to immune complexes, which have a potential to induce cellular damage; such injury underlies the pathologic changes seen in certain immune complex diseases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| base excess | A measure of metabolic alkalosis, usually predicted from the Siggaard-Andersen nomogram; the amount of strong acid that would have to be added per unit volume of whole blood to titrate it to pH 7.4 while at 37°C and at a carbon dioxide pressure of 40 mm Hg. (05 Mar 2000) |
| calcium excess | Overly high intake of calcium (hypercalcaemia) may cause muscle weakness and constipation, affect the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart (heart block) lead to calcium stones in the urinary tract, impair kidney function (through nephrocalcinosis), and interfere with the absorption of iron predisposing to iron deficiency. According to the National Academy of Sciences, adequate intake of calcium is 1 gram daily for both men and women. The upper limit for calcium intake is 2.5 grams daily. (12 Dec 1998) |
| magnesium excess | Persons with impaired kidney function should be especially careful about their magnesium intake because they can accumulate magnesium, a dangerous situation. According to the national academy of sciences, the recommended dietary allowances of magnesium are 420 milligrams per day for men and 320 milligrams per day for women. The upper limit of magnesium as supplements is 350 milligrams daily, in addition to the magnesium from food and water. (12 Dec 1998) |
| refractory anaemia with excess blasts | <haematology> A form of myelodysplasia characterised by the build up of immature white blood cells (blasts) in the bone marrow. If the immature cells are particularly numerous it may indicate a chance of transformation to acute leukaemia and the condition is called refractory anaemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEBt). Acronym: RAEB (13 Nov 1997) |
| convergence excess | That condition in which an oesophoria or esotropia is greater for near vision than for far vision. (05 Mar 2000) |
| selenium excess | Too much of the mineral selenium may cause reversible changes in the hair (balding) and nails, garlic odour to the breath, intestinal distress, weakness and slower mentation (slowed mental functionning). According to the national academy of sciences, the recommended dietary allowances of selenium are 70 milligrams per day for men and 55 milligrams per day for women. (12 Dec 1998) |
| negative base excess | A measure of metabolic acidosis, usually predicted from the Siggaard-Andersen nomogram; the amount of strong alkali that would have to be added per unit volume of whole blood to titrate it to pH 7.4 while at 37°C and at a carbon dioxide pressure of 40 mm Hg. (05 Mar 2000) |
| divergence excess exotropia | Exotropia in which the strabismus is notably greater for far vision than for near vision. (05 Mar 2000) |
| iodine excess | Just as too little iodine can cause thyroid disease, so may prolonged intake of too much iodine also lead to the development of goiter (swelling of the thyroid gland) and hypothyroidism (abnormally low thyroid activity). Certain foods and medications contain large amounts of iodine. Examples include seaweed; iodine-rich expectorants (such as sski and lugol's solution) used in the treatment of cough, asthma, chronic pulmonary disease; and amiodarone (cardorone), an iodine-rich medication used in the control of abnormal heart rhythms (cardiac arrhythmias). (12 Dec 1998) |
| iron excess | Iron overload can damage the heart, liver, gonads and other organs. Iron overload is a particular risk in people who may have certain genetic conditions (haemochromatosis) sometimes without knowing it and also in people receiving recurrent blood transfusions. According to the national academy of sciences, the recommended dietary allowances of iron are 15 milligrams per day for women and 10 milligrams per day for men. (12 Dec 1998) |
| excess | 1. The state of surpassing or going beyond limits; the being of a measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; that which exceeds what is usual or prover; immoderateness; superfluity; superabundance; extravagance; as, an excess of provisions or of light. "To gild refined gold, to paint the lily, To throw a perfume on the violet, . . . Is wasteful and ridiculous excess." (Shak) "That kills me with excess of grief, this with excess of joy." (Walsh) 2. An undue indulgence of the appetite; transgression of proper moderation in natural gratifications; intemperance; dissipation. "Be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess." (Eph. V. 18) "Thy desire . . . Leads to no excess That reaches blame." (Milton) 3. The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another; remainder; as, the difference between two numbers is the excess of one over the other. <geometry> Spherical excess, the amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of the triangle. Origin: OE. Exces, excess, ecstasy, L. Excessus a going out, loss of self-possession, fr. Excedere, excessum, to go out, go beyond: cf. F. Exces. See Exceed. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
Á¦Ç°¸í |
ÆÇ¸Å»ç |
º¸ÇèÄÚµå | ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·® | ±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿© |
|---|
Á¦Ç°¸í |
ÆÇ¸Å»ç |
º¸ÇèÄÚµå | ¼ººÐ/ÇÔ·® | ±¸ºÐ/º¸Çè±Þ¿© |
|---|