| pneumoperitoneum in kids | <radiology> Premature infant: NEC most likely to be perforation, air-block most likely to be dissection of air from mediastinum, full-term infant: idiopathic gastric perforation, older kids: perforated peptic ulcer, rupture of Meckel diver, diseased bowel (12 Dec 1998) |
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| pneumoperitoneum | <radiology> Aetiology, iatrogenic, surgery, dialysis, spontaneous, peptic perforation, bowel obstruction, toxic megacolon, trauma, penetrating or blunt injury, miscellaneous, female genital tract (intercourse, douching, insufflation), pneumatosis intestinalis or coli duration, typically 4-5 days (up to 4 weeks), persists longer in adults than kids, and in thin people X-ray, upright chest or left lateral decubitus can detect 1 cc, gas under diaphragm or lateral liver margin, football sign, Rigler sign (12 Dec 1998) |
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| pneumoperitoneum, artificial | Deliberate introduction of air into the peritoneal cavity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone metastases in kids | <radiology> Rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, histiocytosis X Note: Wilms tumour goes to lung, not bone (12 Dec 1998) |
| brain abscess in kids | <radiology> Cyanotic congenital heart disease, e.g., tetralogy of Fallot, most important predisposing factor, blood not filtered by pulmonary capillaries (12 Dec 1998) |
| complex liver mass in kids | <radiology> Epithelial, FNH (uncommon, F greater than M), hepatic adenoma (uncommon, F greater than M), hepatoma (increased aFP in 90%), hepatoblastoma (increased aFP, less than 2 years of age), mesenchymal, hamartoma, cavernous haemangioma, haemangioendothelioma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (obstructs common bile duct; less than 5 years of age), undifferentiated sarcoma, teratoma, abscess / haematoma / complicated cyst (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart failure in kids | <radiology> Primary cardiomyopathy, aortic outflow obstruction, coarctation, supravalvular aortic stenosis, valvular aortic stenosis, noncardiac lesion, asphyxia, TTN (transient tachypnea of newborn), perinatal brain damage (IVH) see also: neonatal congestive heart failure (12 Dec 1998) |