| paracentral nucleus of thalamus | One of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, medial to the central lateral nucleus. Synonym: nucleus paracentralis thalami. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| paracentral | Close to or alongside the centre or some structure designated "central." (05 Mar 2000) |
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| paracentral artery | <anatomy, artery> The third branch of the pericallosal artery supplying the cerebral cortex of the paracentral lobule and both sides of the medial part of the central sulcus. Synonym: arteria paracentralis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paracentral fissure | A curved fissure (sulcus) on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere, bounding the paracentral gyrus and separating it from the precuneus and the cingulate gyrus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paracentral lobule | A division of the medial aspect of the cerebral cortex, lying above the singulate sulcus and bounded by the precentral sulcus in front and the marginal part of the cingulate sulcus behind. Synonym: lobulus paracentralis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paracentral scotoma | A scotoma adjacent to the fixation point. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abducens nucleus | Nucleus of abducent nervenucleus abducentis, a group of motor neurons in the lower part of the pons, innervating the lateral rectus muscle of the eye; unique among motor cranial nerve nuclei in that it consists of two distinct populations of neurons: neurons that give rise to fibres forming the abducens nerve root and those internuclear neurons whose processes cross the midline, ascend in the opposite medial longitudinal fasciculus, and terminate upon specific oculomotor neurons; considered a primary centre for mechanisms controlling conjugate horizontal gaze. Synonym: nucleus nervi abducentis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accessory cuneate nucleus | A cell group lateral to the cuneate nucleus which receives posterior-root fibres corresponding to the proprioceptive innervation of the arm and hand; it projects to the cerebellum by way of the cuneocerebellar tract, and can be considered the upper-extremity equivalent of the thoracic nucleus. Synonym: nucleus cuneatus accessorius, external cuneate nucleus, lateral cuneate nucleus, Monakow's nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| almond nucleus | Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ambiguous nucleus | A very slender, longitudinal column of motor neurons in the ventrolateral medulla oblongata; its efferent fibres leave with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerve and innervate the striated muscle fibres of the pharynx (including the musculus levator veli palatini) and the vocal cord muscles of the larynx. Synonym: ambiguous nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amygdaloid nucleus | Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anterior extremity of caudate nucleus | The head or anterior extremity of the caudate nucleus projecting into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. Synonym: caput nuclei caudati, anterior extremity of caudate nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterodorsal thalamic nucleus | anterodorsal thalamic nucleus |
| anteromedial thalamic nucleus | anteromedial thalamic nucleus |
| anteroventral thalamic nucleus | anteroventral thalamic nucleus |
| arcuate nucleus | A nucleus located in the middle hypothalamus in the most ventral part of the third ventricle near the entrance of the infundibular recess. Its small cells are in close contact with the ependyma. (12 Dec 1998) |