| amyl nitrite | <chemical> A vasodilator that is administered by inhalation. It is also used recreationally due to its supposed ability to induce euphoria and act as an aphrodisiac. Pharmacological action: aphrodisiacs, vasodilator agents. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| sodium nitrite | <chemical> Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, colouring, and preserving, and as a reagent in analytical chemistry. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines. Pharmacological action: antidotes, food preservatives, indicators and reagents, mutagens. Chemical name: Nitrous acid, sodium salt (12 Dec 1998) |
| nitrite | <chemistry> A salt of nitrous acid. Amyl nitrite, a yellow oily volatile liquid, used in medicine as a depressant and a vaso-dilator. Its inhalation produces an instantaneous flushing of the face. Origin: Cf. F. Nitrite. See Niter. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nitrite dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Nitrobacter enzyme oxidises nitrite to nitrate with reduction of o2 to water by intermolecular oxygen atom transfer; not the same as nitrate reductase Registry number: EC 1.7.3.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| nitrite reductases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that oxidise diverse nitrogenous substances to yield nitrite. Registry number: EC 1. (12 Dec 1998) |
| isobutyl nitrite | A liquid present in commercial amyl nitrite, with similar antispasmodic and vasodilator properties. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ferredoxin-nitrite oxidoreductase | <enzyme> Catalyses reduction of nitrite to ammonia with reduced ferredoxin as electron donor Registry number: EC 1.7.7.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| ackee poisoning | An acute and frequently fatal vomiting disease associated with central nervous system symptoms and marked hypoglycaemia, caused by eating unripe ackee fruit of Blighia spaida, a tree common in Jamaica. Synonym: Jamaican vomiting sickness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arsenic poisoning | A severe poisoning that occurs after the exposure (ingested or inhaled). Signs and symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, rapid heart rate, apprehension and difficulty breathing. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bacterial food poisoning | A term commonly used to refer to conditions limited to enteritis or gastroenteritis (excluding the enteric fevers and the dysenteries) caused by bacterial multiplication per se or by a soluble bacterial exotoxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blister beetle poisoning | Poisoning, most often of horses, by ingestion of blister beetles (Epicauta spp.) in hay; the causative toxin is cantharidin, which produces salivation, shock, pollakiuria, and colic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood poisoning | See: septicaemia, pyaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bracken poisoning | A disease of cattle caused by long-term, low-level consumption of the bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) and characterised by haemorrhages or tumours in the bladder. Synonym: bracken poisoning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cadmium poisoning | Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes, anaemia, or pneumonitis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbon disulfide poisoning | Acute or chronic intoxication by CS2, an industrial condition encountered among rubber workers and makers of artificial silk (rayon) by the viscose process; characterised by insomnia, listlessness, and irritability, followed by paralyses, impaired vision, peptic ulcer, and psychoses. (05 Mar 2000) |