| newt | <zoology> Any one of several species of small aquatic salamanders. The common British species are the crested newt (Triton cristatus) and the smooth newt (Lophinus punctatus). In America, Diemictylus viridescens is one of the most abundant species. Origin: OE. Ewt, evete, AS. Efete, with n prefixed, an ewt being understood as a newt. Cf. Eft. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| newton | Derived unit of force in the SI system, expressed as meters-kilograms per second squared (m-kg-s-2); equivalent to 105 dynes in the CGS system. Abbreviation: N Origin: I. Newton (05 Mar 2000) |
| Newton's disk | A disk on which are seven coloured sectors, each occupying proportionally the same space as the corresponding primary colour in the spectrum; when the disk is rapidly rotated it appears white. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Newton's interference colours | <microscopy> Newton's series of colours by interference results when two wave-trains of white light meet. For some wavelengths (colours) there will be destructive interference (darkness) but for other wavelengths there will be reinforcement (colour). They are most frequently observed in very thin films, only wavelengths thick, for example, oil on water. The interference is caused by partially reflected light from the interfaces. Newton's series of colours appears in sequence in the Michel-Levy chart. (05 Aug 1998) |
| Newton's law | The attractive force between any two bodies is proportional to the product of their masses, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres. Synonym: law of gravitation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Newton, Sir Isaac | <person> English physicist, 1642-1727. See: newton, newtonian aberration, Newtonian constant of gravitation, newtonian flow, newtonian viscosity, Newton's disk, Newton's law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| newton-meter | A unit of the MKS system, expressed as energy expended, or work done, by a force of 1 newton acting through a distance of 1 meter; equal to 1 joule = 107 ergs. (05 Mar 2000) |
| newtonian | Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. Newtonian philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in Newton's "Principia," to the modern or experimental philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation. <astronomy> Newtonian telescope, a reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the eyeplace. Newtonian theory of light. See Note under Light. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| newtonian aberration | When using white light through a lens system, it is inevitable that different wave lengths (colours) are brought to a focus at slightly different points. As a consequence, there are chromatic aberations in the image, good microscope objectives are therefore corrected for this at two wave lengths (achromats) or at three wave lengths (apochromats), as well as for spherical aberration. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Newtonian constant of gravitation | A universal constant relating the gravitational force, f., attracting two masses, m1 and m2, toward each other when they are separated by a distance, r, in the equation: f = G(m1m2/r2); it has the value of 6.67259 × 10-8 dyne cm2 g-2 = 6.67259 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2 in SI units. (05 Mar 2000) |
| newtonian flow | The type of flow characteristic of a newtonian fluid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| newtonian fluid | A fluid in which flow and rate of shear are always proportional to the applied stress; such fluid precisely obeys Poiseuille's law. Compare: non-newtonian fluid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| newtonian viscosity | The viscosity characteristics of a newtonian fluid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| water newt | <zoology> Any one of numerous species of aquatic salamanders; a triton. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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