| neuroendocrine | 1. Pertaining to the anatomical and functional relationships between the nervous system and the endocrine apparatus. 2. Descriptive of cells that release a hormone into the circulating blood in response to a neural stimulus. Such cells may comprise a peripheral endocrine gland (e.g., the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and the adrenaline-secreting chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla); others are neurons in the brain (e.g., the neurons of the supraoptic nucleus that release antidiuretic hormone from their axon terminals in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis). (05 Mar 2000) |
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| neuroendocrine cell | <endocrinology> A hormone secreted by specialised neurons (neuroendocrine cells), for example releasing hormones. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neuroendocrine transducer cell | An endocrine cell that releases its hormonal product into the bloodstream only upon receipt of a nervous impulse. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuroendocrine tumours | Tumours whose cells possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system. Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumours include ectopic hormone production (often via apud cells), the presence of tumour-associated antigens, and isozyme composition. (12 Dec 1998) |
| carcinoma, neuroendocrine | A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular sheets of round "blue cells", granular chromatin, and an attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine tumours include carcinoids, small ("oat") cell carcinomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, merkel cell tumour, cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumours, and pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the tumour cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin | A rare malignant cutaneous tumour seen in sun-exposed skin of elderly patients composed of dermal nodules of small round cells with scanty cytoplasm in a trabecular pattern; the tumour cells contain cytoplasmic dense core granules resembling neurosecretory granules seen in Merkel cells. Synonym: primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, trabecular carcinoma. (05 Mar 2000) |