| mono | 1. <zoology> The black howler of Central America (Mycetes villosus). 2. <prefix> The participation or involvement of a single element or part. Compare: uni-. Origin: G. Monos, single (21 Jun 2000) |
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| mono-amelia | Absence of one limb. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoacylglycerol | <biochemistry> Glycerol with an acyl moiety esterified to position 1 (i.e., 1-monoacylglycerol) or position 2 (i.e., 2-monoacylglycerol); an intermediate in the degradation and synthesis of lipids; 2 monoacylglycerols are a major end product of triacylglycerol degradation. Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase, an intestinal enzyme that catalyses the reaction of 2-monoacylglycerol and acyl-CoA to form coenzyme A and 1,2-diacylglycerol. Monoacylglycerol lipase, an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of monoacylglycerol to produce a fatty acid anion and glycerol; a part of lipid degradation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoacylglycerol lipases | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of glycerol monoesters of long-chain fatty acids. Chemical name: Glycerol-ester acylhydrolase Registry number: EC 3.1.1.23 (12 Dec 1998) |
| monoacylglycerophosphorylglycerophosphorylglycerol phosphodiesterase | <enzyme> Hydrolyzes agpgpg to lysophosphatidylglycerol and alpha-glycerophosphate Registry number: EC 3.1.4.- Synonym: agpgpgase (26 Jun 1999) |
| monoamide | <biochemistry> A molecule containing one amide group. Synonym: monamide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoamine | <biochemistry> A molecule containing one amine group. Synonym: monamine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoamine neurotransmitters | A group of naturally occurring amines derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of the natural amino acids. Many have powerful physiological effects (e.g., histamine, serotonin, epinephrine, tyramine). Those derived from aromatic amino acids, and also their synthetic analogs (e.g., amphetamine), are of use in pharmacology. (12 Dec 1998) |
| monoamine oxidase | <enzyme> Catalysing breakdown of several biogenic amines, such as serotonin, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine. (18 Nov 1997) |
| monoamine oxidase inhibitor | <pharmacology> A drug that interferes with the action of monoamine oxidase, slowing the breakdown of certain neurotransmitters. Used in the treatment of depression. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a group of antidepressant drugs that prevent the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase in the central nervous system (brain) thus affecting mood. The use of these medications is often restricted due to their severe side effects and drug (and food) interactions. Examples include isocarboxazid, pargyline, selegiline, furazolidone and phenelzine. Acronym: MAOI (26 Mar 1998) |
| monoamine oxidase inhibitors | A chemically heterogeneous group of drugs that have in common the ability to block oxidative deamination of naturally occurring monoamines. Although mao inhibitors are probably as effective as tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of major depression, the complex, sometimes severe, and often unpredictable interactions between mao inhibitors and many other drugs and food-derived amines make their medical use difficult and potentially hazardous. (12 Dec 1998) |
| monoaminergic | Referring to nerve cells or fibres that transmit nervous impulses by the medium of a catecholamine or indolamine. Origin: monoamine + G. Ergon, work (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoaminuria | The excretion of any monoamine in the urine. Synonym: monaminuria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoamniotic | Denoting two or more progeny of a multiple pregnancy that have shared a common amniotic sac. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monoarthritis | <radiology> Traumatic, infectious, septic, granulomatous (TB, etc.), crystal-induced (gout, calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease), rheumatoid arthritis, pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVS) (12 Dec 1998) |
| benzene mono-oxygenase | <enzyme> Cytochrome p-450-dependent; forms benzene oxide Registry number: EC 1.13.12.- (26 Jun 1999) |
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| bromomethane mono-oxygenase | <enzyme> Enzyme responsible for methane oxidation in vivo Registry number: EC 1.13.12.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| infectious mono | See infectious mononucleosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lactate 2-mono-oxygenase | A flavoprotein oxidoreductase catalyzing oxidation (with O2) of l-lactate to acetate plus CO2 and water. Synonym: lactic acid oxidative decarboxylase. (05 Mar 2000) |