| ¿µ¹® | radiation dose | ÇÑ±Û | ¹æ»ç¼±·® |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹æ»ç¼±Á¶»çÀÇ Á¤µµ. ¹æ»ç¼±»ý¹°ÇÐÀ̳ª ÀÎüÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±¹æÈ£¿¡¼´Â Àü¸®¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ ¾ç, Áï ¼±·®ÀÌ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÈ´Ù. ¹æ»ç¼±·®¿¡¼µµ ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§°è(SI)°¡ ä¿ëµÇ¾î ±¹Á¦¹æ»ç¼±¹æÈ£À§¿øÈ¸(ICRP)ÀÇ ±Ç°í¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿©·¯ ´ÜÀ§°¡ ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¨ç Èí¼ö¼±·®(absorbed dose). ¹°ÁúÀÇ ´ÜÀ§Áú·®ÀÌ ¹æ»ç¼±¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁö. ÀÌ ´ÜÀ§´Â ¹æ»ç¼± ¹× ¹°ÁúÀÇ Á¾·ù°¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´õ¶óµµ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§´Â J/kgÀ̸ç À̰Ϳ¡ °íÀ¯ÇÑ ¸íĪÀ¸·Î ±×·¹ÀÌ(gray, ±âÈ£ Gy)°¡ ºÎ¿©µÈ´Ù. 1Gy=100¶óµå(rad). ¨è Á¶»ç¼±·®(exposure) ¶Ç´Â °øÁß¼±·®. X¼± ¶Ç´Â ¥ã¼±¿¡ ÇÑÇØ¼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ±¹Á¦´ÜÀ§´Â C/kg. ¨é ¼±·®´ç·®(dose equivalent). ¹æ»ç¼±¹æÈ£¸¦ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¾ç. ±âÈ£´Â H. H´Â ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ¿¡³ÊÁö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ýü¿¡ ÁÖ´Â È¿°ú¸¦ º¸Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¼±Áú°è¼ö(Q)¿Í ±× ¹ÛÀÇ ÀÎÀÚ(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ¼±·®·ü, ¹æ»ç¼ºµ¿À§¿ø¼Ò¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ³»ºÎÇÇÆø½Ã¿¡´Â ±× ÇÙÁ¾ÀÇ Ã¼³»ºÐÆ÷ µî)¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ º¸Á¤°è¼ö(N)¸¦ Èí¼ö¼±·®(D)¿¡ °öÇÑ °Í, Áï H=D-Q-N. ¶ÇÇÑ DÀÇ ´ÜÀ§¸¦ Gy ¶Ç´Â rad·Î Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ HÀÇ ´ÜÀ§¸¦ °¢°¢ ½Ãº£¸£Æ®(sievert, ±âÈ£ Sv) ¹× ·½(rem)À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ 1 Sv=102rem. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÜÀ§½Ã°£´çÀÇ ¼±·®À» ¼±·®·ü(dose rate)À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | dose | ÇÑ±Û | ¿ë·®, Åõ¿©·®, ¹æ»ç¼±·® |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. ¾àÁ¦¸¦ ÇÑ ¹ø ¶Ç´Â ÇÏ·ç¿¡ »ç¿ëÇϰųª º¹¿ëÇÏ´Â ºÐ·®. 2. ¹°ÁúÀ̳ª Á¶Á÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ ÀÛ¿ë Á¤µµ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¾ç. Áï, ¹æ»ç¼±·®À̶ó´Â °³³äÀº ¾î¶² ÇÑ Á¡¿¡ ÀÔ»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ»ç¼±°ú ±× Á¡ ±Ùó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹°Áú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû-ÈÇÐÀû-»ý¹°ÇÐÀû È¿°ú¿ÍÀÇ °ü°Ô¸¦ Á¤·®ÀûÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °øÅëÀΠôµµ·Î¼ »ý°¢µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¶óµå(rad)·Î ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Èí¼ö·®, ·»Æ®°Õ(R)À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Á¶»ç ¼±·®, ·½(rem)À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¼±·® ´ç·®À¸·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ¿© ¾´´Ù. |
||
| ¿µ¹® | skin dose | ÇÑ±Û | ÇǺμ±·® |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. ÇǺÎÇ¥¸é¿¡¼ÀÇ ¹æ»ç¼±ÀÇ °øÁß¼±·®À¸·Î ¿©±â¿¡´Â 1Â÷¹æ»ç¼±°ú ÈĹæ»ê¶õÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ. 2. ÇǺο¡ Èí¼öµÇ´Â ¼±·®. |
||
| MID | maximum inhibiting dilution; mesioincisodistal; midinfarct dementia; minimum infective dose; minimum... |
|---|---|
| MED | median erythrocyte diameter; medical, medication, medicine; Medical Entities Dictionary; minimum eff... |
| MHD | maintenance hemodialysis; mean hemolytic dose; mental health department; minimum hemolytic dilution;... |
| ID | identification; iditol dehydrogenase; immunodeficiency; immunodiffusion; immunoglobulin deficiency; ... |
| MD | Doctor of Medicine [Lat. Medicinae Doctor]; magnesium deficiency; main duct; maintenance dose; major... |
| MLD | Minimum Lethal Dose |
|---|---|
| MED | minimum effective dose |
| MED | minimum erythema dose |
| TBARS | 2-thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance |
| CRD | Cross Reacting Determinant |
| minimal reacting dose | The minimal dose of a toxic substance causing a reaction, as manifested in the skin of a series of susceptible test animals; the assay is based on the development of a characteristic, minimal but definite, "standard," focal inflammation (congestion and oedema, induration, degenerative changes, and desquamation of epidermal cells). (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| minimum | <statistics> The smallest amount or lowest limit. (12 Jan 1998) |
| minimum light | Threshold of visual sensation, the minimal light intensity evoking a visual sensation. Synonym: achromatic threshold, minimum light threshold. (05 Mar 2000) |
| minimum light threshold | Threshold of visual sensation, the minimal light intensity evoking a visual sensation. Synonym: achromatic threshold, minimum light threshold. (05 Mar 2000) |
| minimum protein requirement | <nutrition> The age-dependent amount of protein required daily in the diet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| minimum temperature | In bacteriology, denoting a temperature below which growth will not take place. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Eagle's minimum essential medium | A tissue culture medium similar to Eagle's basal medium but with different amounts and a few exclusions (e.g., antibiotics and phenol red). (05 Mar 2000) |
| law of the minimum | Growth and development of plants and animals are determined by the availability of that essential nutrient which is present in the smallest amount. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cross-reacting agglutinin | An immune agglutinin specific for a group antigen. Synonym: cross-reacting agglutinin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cross-reacting antibody | <immunology> Antibody specific for group antigens, i.e., those with identical functional groups, antibody for antigens that have functional groups of closely similar, but not identical, chemical structure. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cross-reacting material | <haematology> A substance sufficiently different from a reference substance (R) to have a perceptibly different function from R but sufficiently similar to R that it reacts with anti-R antibodies; e.g., mutant factor VIII may be defective or even inert in coagulation and yet be immunologically identified as factor VIII. (05 Mar 2000) |
| slow-reacting factor of anaphylaxis | Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), a leukotriene of low molecular weight which is released in anaphylactic shock and produces slower and more prolonged contraction of muscle than does histamine; it is active in the presence of antihistamines (but not epinephrine) and seems not to occur preformed in mast cells, but as a result of an antigen-antibody reaction on the granules. Compare: peptidyl leukotrienes. Synonym: slow-reacting factor of anaphylaxis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| slow-reacting substance | Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), a leukotriene of low molecular weight which is released in anaphylactic shock and produces slower and more prolonged contraction of muscle than does histamine; it is active in the presence of antihistamines (but not epinephrine) and seems not to occur preformed in mast cells, but as a result of an antigen-antibody reaction on the granules. Compare: peptidyl leukotrienes. Synonym: slow-reacting factor of anaphylaxis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis | <immunology> Potent bronchoconstrictor and inflammatory agent released by mast cells, an important mediator of allergic bronchial asthma. A mixture of three leukotrienes (LTC4 mainly, LTD4 and LTE4) (18 Nov 1997) |
| direct reacting bilirubin | The fraction of serum bilirubin which has been conjugated with glucuronic acid in the liver cell to form bilirubin diglucuronide; so called because it reacts directly with the Ehrlich diazo reagent; increased levels are found in hepatobiliary diseases, especially of the obstructive variety. Synonym: conjugated bilirubin. (05 Mar 2000) |
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