| kidneys | The kidneys are a pair of organs located in the right and left side of the abdomen which clear poisons from the blood, regulate acid concentration and maintain water balance in the body by excreting urine. The urine then passes through connecting tubes called ureters into the bladder. The bladder stores the urine until it is released during urination. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| bilateral large kidneys | <radiology> Autosomal dominant (adult) polycystic disease, lymphoma Cf: other urographic patterns (12 Dec 1998) |
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| bilaterally small, smooth kidneys | <radiology> Generalised atherosclerosis, nephrosclerosis - benign and malignant, atheroembolic renal disease, chronic glomerulonephritis, papillary necrosis, hereditary diseases, hereditary chronic nephritis (Alport's syndrome), medullary cystic disease, amyloidosis (late), arterial hypotension Cf: other urographic patterns (12 Dec 1998) |
| polycystic disease of kidneys | A progressive disease characterised by formation of multiple cysts of varying size scattered diffusely throughout both kidney's, resulting in compression and destruction of kidney parenchyma, usually with hypertension, gross haematuria, and uraemia; there are two major types: 1) with onset in infancy or early childhood, usually with autosomal recessive inheritance; 2) with onset in adulthood, with autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: polycystic disease of kidneys. (05 Mar 2000) |