| IF | idiopathic fibroplasia; idiopathic flushing; immersion foot; immunofluorescence; indirect fluorescen... |
|---|---|
| OEF | oil immersion field; oxygen extraction fraction |
| OIF | observed intrinsic frequency; oil immersion field; Osteogenesis Imperfecta Foundation |
| RWIS | restraint and water immersion stress |
| EM | 1) Erythro-Mycin 2) Electron Microscopy |
| WI | Water immersion |
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| WRS | water immersion and restrain stress |
| WIR | water immersion restraint |
| CMTF | Confocal Microscopy Through Focusing |
| cryo-EM | Cryo-electron microscopy |
| homogeneous immersion | In immersion microscopy, use of a fluid, such as oil, that has a refractive index virtually identical to that of glass, providing the highest possible numerical aperture. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| homogeneous immersion objective | <microscopy> An objective to be immersed in a liquid of a certain refractive index and dispersion value as specified by the manufacturer of the objective. An oil-immersion objective, the most important type, is intended to be immersed in cedarwood oil (nD = 1.515) or in its manmade optical equivalent. A water-immersion objective is for dipping into an aqueous specimen mount. Alpha-monobromonaphthalene has such a high refractive index (nD = 1.66) that a very highly resolving objective (1.60 numerical aperture) was designed to be immersed in that liquid, for use by reflected light on metals and other opaque objects. (05 Aug 1998) |
| immersion | 1. The act of immersing, or the state of being immersed; a sinking within a fluid; a dipping; as, the immersion of Achilles in the Styx. 2. Submersion in water for the purpose of Christian baptism, as, practiced by the Baptists. 3. The state of being overhelmed or deeply absorbed; deep engagedness. "Too deep an immersion in the affairs of life." (Atterbury) 4. <astronomy> The dissapearance of a celestail body, by passing either behind another, as in the occultation of a star, or into its shadow, as in the eclipse of a satellite; opposed to emersion. Immersion lens, a microscopic objective of short focal distance designed to work with a drop of liquid, as oil, between the front lens and the slide, so that this lens is practically immersed. Origin: L. Immersio; cf. F. Immersion. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| immersion bath | A therapeutic bath in which the whole person or a body part is totally immersed in the therapeutic substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| immersion foot | A condition of the feet produced by prolonged exposure of the feet to water. Exposure for 48 hours or more to warm water causes tropical immersion foot or warm-water immersion foot common in vietnam where troops were exposed to prolonged or repeated wading in paddy fields or streams. Trench foot results from prolonged exposure to cold, without actual freezing. It was common in trench warfare during world war I, when soldiers stood, sometimes for hours, in trenches with a few inches of cold water in them. (andrews' diseases of the skin, 8th ed, p27) (12 Dec 1998) |
| immersion lens | An objective (for a microscope) constructed in such a manner that the lower lens may be moved downward into direct contact with a fluid which is placed on the object being examined; by using a fluid with a refractive index closely similar to that of glass, the loss of light is minimised. (05 Mar 2000) |
| immersion liquid | <microscopy> Any liquid occupying the space between the object and microscope objective. Such a liquid is usually required by objectives of 3-mm focal length or less. For best results (i.e., resolution) the liquid should be used between the condenser and the microscope slide. Immersion objectives for transmitted light are designed for use with either oil, glycerin, or water, the refractive index of the liquid and the coverslip (if any) being the determining factor. The liquid and the front lens of the objective should ideally coincide in index and in dispersion value. See: homogeneous immersion objective (05 Aug 1998) |
| immersion medium | <microscopy> In microscopy the medium used to immerse the specimen, the space between the objective lens and coverslip, or the condenser lens front element and the slide. For the latter purposes, cedar or synthetic oils with refractive indices and dispersions approximating the front elements of the lens are used for homogeneous immersion. Homogeneous immersion provides high numerical aperture, less light loss and depolarisation, and generally improved correction of aberrations. Glycerol or water may be used for immersion of particular lenses, but for high-numerical aperture lenses designed to be used with a variety of immersion media, proper adjustment of the correction collars is necessary, the refractive index, thickness, and dispersion of the immersion media and coverslips all enter into the corrections for aberrations of high-numerical aperture objective and condenser lenses. (05 Aug 1998) |
| immersion objective | <microscopy> An objective in which the medium of high refractive index and is used in the object space to increase the numerical aperture and hence the resolving power of the lens. See: homogeneous immersion of objective. (05 Aug 1998) |
| immersion of a lens | <physics> With nearly all high-power lenses, it is intended that the spaces between the condenser and the slide, and the specimen and the front lens of the objective be filled with an immersion liquid. Owing to the limitations imposed by the critical-angle phenomenon, numerical apertures are impossible exceeding 1.0 without immersion. In addition, immersion makes possible the use of the naturally aplanatic points of the front lens element of the objective. (05 Aug 1998) |
| aperture for electron microscopy | <technique> Anode aperture: The opening in the accelerating voltage anode shield of the electron gun through which the electrons must pass to irradiate the specimen. Condenser aperture: An opening in the condenser lens controlling the number of electrons entering the lens and the angular aperture of the electron beam. The angular aperture can also be controlled by the condenser lens current. Physical objective aperture: A metallic diaphragm, with a small central hole, used to limit the cone of electrons accepted by the objective lens. This improves image-contrast since highly scattered electrons are prevented from arriving at the Gaussian image plane and therefore cannot contribute to background fog. Aplanatic. Free from spherical aberration and coma. (05 Aug 1998) |
| bright field microscopy | <technique> Optical microscopy, in which absorption to a great extent and diffraction to a minor extent give rise to the image, as opposed to phase contrast or interference methods of microscopy. (18 Nov 1997) |
| ratio imaging fluorescence microscopy | <procedure> A method of measurement of intracellular pH or intracellular calcium levels, using a fluorescent probe molecule (see fura-2), in which the two different excitation wavelengths are used and the emitted light levels compared. If emission at one wavelength is sensitive to the intracellular ion level and emission at the other wavelength is not, then standardisation for intracellular probe concentration, efficiency of light collection, inactivation of probe and thickness of cytoplasm can all be performed automatically. (17 Dec 1997) |
| reflection X-ray microscopy | <technique> A method of producing enlarged images by means of X rays. In this method the radiation is totally reflected at glancing incidence from polished concave mirrors or from the curved surfaces of single crystals by Bragg reflection. The problem of aberration corrections still limits the resolution obtainable. (05 Aug 1998) |
| video microscopy | <technique> Microscopy that takes advantage of video as an imaging, image processing, analysing, or controlling device. (05 Aug 1998) |
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