| grad | gradient; gradually; graduate |
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| grad | <abbreviation> L. Gradatim, by degrees, gradually. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| grad-shafranov equation | <radiobiology> Reduced magnetohydrodynamic-equilibrium equation for an axisymmetric, toroidal plasma. (Similar reduced equations can be derived for the cases of helical symmetry and for the straight cylinder.) Analytic and numerical studies of these equations are important in exploring potential plasma configurations. The lowest order force balance in the plasma is simply that the Lorentz force must be balanced by the pressure force. This balance, combined with Maxwell's equations, determines the equilibrium configuration of the magnetic field. When the toroidal configuration is axisymmetric, and the equilibrium plasma flow is zero, the magnetic field may be written in terms of a stream function \psi that satisfies the Grad-Shafranov equation \Delta\psi = - \mu_0 R^2 p'(\psi) - FF'(\psi). Here p is the plasma pressure and f = R B_\phi. (R is the radial distance from the axis of the machine). In an axisymmetric torus, in the absence of equilibrium plasma fluid flows, the magnetic field may be written in terms of a scalar potential. When the plasma is in equilibrium (forces balance and the plasma is stationary), this scalar potential obeys a non-linear elliptic equation known as the Grad-Shafranov equation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gradate | 1. To grade or arrange (parts in a whole, colours in painting, etc), so that they shall harmonize. 2. <chemistry> To bring to a certain strength or grade of concentration; as, to gradate a saline solution. See: Grade. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| gradatory | 1. Proceeding step by step, or by gradations; gradual. "Could we have seen [Macbeth's] crimes darkening on their progress . . . Could this gradatory apostasy have been shown us." (A. Seward) 2. <zoology> Suitable for walking; said of the limbs of an animal when adapted for walking on land. See: Grade. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| grade | A harsh scraping or cutting; a grating. "The grade of hatchets fiercely thrown. On wigwam log, and tree, and stone." (Whittier) 1. A step or degree in any series, rank, quality, order; relative position or standing; as, grades of military rank; crimes of every grade; grades of flour. "They also appointed and removed, at their own pleasure, teachers of every grade." (Buckle) 2., The rate of ascent or descent; gradient; deviation from a level surface to an inclined plane; usually stated as so many feet per mile, or as one foot rise or fall in so many of horizontal distance; as, a heavy grade; a grade of twenty feet per mile, or of 1 in 264. A graded ascending, descending, or level portion of a road; a gradient. 3. The result of crossing a native stock with some better breed. If the crossbreed have more than three fourths of the better blood, it is called high grade. at grade, on the same level; said of the crossing of a railroad with another railroad or a highway, when they are on the same level at the point of crossing. Down grade, a descent, as on a graded railroad. Up grade, an ascent, as on a graded railroad. Equating for grades. See Equate. Grade crossing, a crossing at grade. Origin: F. Grade, L. Gradus step, pace, grade, from gradi to step, go. Cf. Congress, Degree, Gradus. 1. To arrange in order, steps, or degrees, according to size, quality, rank, etc. 2. To reduce to a level, or to an evenly progressive ascent, as the line of a canal or road. 3. To cross with some better breed; to improve the blood of. Origin: Graded; Grading. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| grade I astrocytoma | <tumour> Solid or cystic astrocytoma of high differentiation or low grade. (05 Mar 2000) |
| grade II astrocytoma | <tumour> Astrocytoma of intermediate grade. (05 Mar 2000) |
| grade III astrocytoma | <tumour> Astrocytoma of intermediate grade. See: glioblastoma multiforme. (05 Mar 2000) |
| grade IV astrocytoma | <oncology, tumour> A malignant brain tumour that accounts for 75% of glial tumours (arising from glial cells in the brain). Treatment is difficult and consists of a combination of radiation therapy and surgery. (17 Dec 1997) |
| Gradenigo's syndrome | <syndrome> Petrositis with abducens paralysis and pain in the temporal region, due to localised meningitis involving the fifth and sixth nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gradenigo, Giuseppe | <person> Italian physician, 1859-1926. See: Gradenigo's syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gradient | <physics> Mathematical term for the operator which determines the magnitude and direction of the greatest rate-of-change of a given function with position. Similarly used to describe such a rate-of-change. For instance, at a given point on a hill, the slope of the hill in the steepest uphill direction is the gradient of the altitude function for the hill. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gradient elution | Elution in column chromatography in which a changing pH or ionic strength is used to separate substances. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gradient encoding | In magnetic resonance imaging, the technique of inducing a gradient in the magnetic field in the Y-axis to induce phase differences with location. Synonym: gradient encoding. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gradient perception | <cell biology> Problem faced by a cell that is to respond directionally to a gradient of, for example: a diffusible attractant chemical. In a spatial mechanism the cell would compare receptor occupancy at different sites on the cell surface, a temporal mechanism would involve comparison of concentrations at different times, the cell moving randomly between readings. In pseudospatial sensing, the cell would detect the gradient as a consequence of positive feedback to protrusive activity if receptor occupancy increased with time as the protrusion moved up gradient. Few cell types have been unambiguously shown to detect gradients. (18 Nov 1997) |
| grade |
class: a body of students who are taught together; "early morning classes are always sleepy" a relative position or degree of value in a graded group; "lumber of the highest grade" the gradient of a slope or road or other surface; "the road had a steep grade" grad: one-hundredth of a right angle a degree of ablaut mark: a number or letter indicating quality (especially of a student's performance); "she made good marks in algebra"; "grade A milk"; "what was your score on your homework?" rate: assign a rank or rating to; "how would you rank these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide" level to the right gradient the height of the ground on which something stands; "the base of the tower was below grade" degree: a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality; "a moderate grade of intelligence"; "a high level of care is required"; "it is all a matter of degree" assign a grade or rank to, according to one's evaluation; "grade tests"; "score the SAT essays"; "mark homework" a variety of cattle produced by crossbreeding with a superior breed determine the grade of or assign a grade to
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| gradient |
a graded change in the magnitude of some physical quantity or dimension the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the horizontal; "a five-degree gradient"
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| graduate |
receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies; "She graduated in 1990" alumnus: a person who has received a degree from a school (high school or college or university) confer an academic degree upon; "This school graduates 2,000 students each year" a measuring instrument for measuring fluid volume; a glass container (cup or cylinder or flask) whose sides are marked with or divided into amounts calibrate: make fine adjustments or divide into marked intervals for optimal measuring; "calibrate an instrument"; "graduate a cylinder" graduate(a): of or relating to studies beyond a bachelor's degree; "graduate courses"
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| graduate nurse |
someone who has completed the course of study (including hospital practice) at a nurses training school
Ãâó: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| graduated |
(of taxes) decreasing as the amount taxed increases calibrated: marked with or divided into degrees; "a calibrated thermometer" gradational: taking place by degrees
Ãâó: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| grad | a person who has received a degree from a school (high school or college or university) |
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| grad | one-hundredth of a right angle |
| grad | a student who continues studies after graduation |
| grad | capable of being graded (for quality or rank or size etc.) |
| grad | an opposition that is capable of being graded |
| grad | pass imperceptibly from one degree, shade, or tone into another |
| grad | arrange according to grades |
| grad | the act of arranging in grades |
| grad | a vowel whose quality or length is changed to indicate linguistic distinctions (such as sing sang sung song) |
| grad | relative position in a graded series |
| grad | slowly and smoothly |
| grad | slowly and smoothly |
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