| glycol | <chemistry> A thick, colourless liquid, C2H4(OH)2, of a sweetish taste, produced artificially from certain ethylene compounds. It is a diacid alcohol, intermediate between ordinary ethyl alcohol and glycerin. Any one of the large class of diacid alcohols, of which glycol proper is the type. Origin: Glycerin + -ol. See Glycerin. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| glycol ethers | Chemicals such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether; they are teratogens which induce testicular atrophy in animals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycolaldehyde | HOCH2CHO;the simplest (2-carbon) sugar; the aerobic deamination product of ethanolamine. Synonym: biose, diose. Active glycoaldehyde, 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)thiamin pyrophosphate;a derivative formed in carbohydrate metabolism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycolaldehydetransferase | transaldolase |
| glycolate | A salt or ester of glycolic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycoleucine | <chemical> Chemical name: Norleucine (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycolic | <chemistry> Pertaining to, or derived from, glycol; as, glycolic ether; glycolic acid. <chemistry> Glycolic acid, an organic acid, found naturally in unripe grapes and in the leaves of the wild grape (Ampelopsis quinquefolia), and produced artificially in many ways, as by the oxidation of glycol, whence its name. It is a sirupy, or white crystalline, substance, HO.CH2.CO2H, has the properties both of an alcohol and an acid, and is a type of the hydroxy acids. Synonym: hydroxyacetic acid. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| glycolic acid | <biochemistry> Hydroxyacetic acid, found in young plants and green fruits. Glycolate is formed from ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate in a seemingly wasteful side reaction of photosynthesis, known as photorespiration. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glycolic acid dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Enzyme from human liver converts glycolate to oxalate, acceptor not identified, not oxygen; free glyoxylate is not an intermediate Registry number: EC 1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycolic aciduria | Excessive excretion of glycolic acid in the urine; a primary metabolic defect due to deficiency of 2-hydroxy-3-oxoadipate carboxylase, resulting in excretion of glycolic and oxalic acids, leading to the clinical syndrome of oxalosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycolide | <chemistry> A white amorphous powder, C4H4O, obtained by heating and dehydrating glycolic acid. Alternative forms: glycollide. Origin: Glycol + anhydride. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| glycolipid | <biochemistry> Oligosaccharides covalently attached to lipid as in the glycosphingolipids found in plasma membranes of all animal and some plant cells. The lipid part of glycolipids is sphingosine in which the amino group is acylated by a fatty chain, forming a ceramide. most of the oligosaccharide chains belong to one of four series, the ganglio, globo, lacto type 1 and lacto type 2 series. Blood group antigens are glycolipids. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glycolipid lipidosis | <disease> Lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of alpha-galactosidase a and resulting in an accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in the renal and cardiovascular systems. The disease is characterised by telangiectatic skin lesions, renal failure, and disturbances of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. Inheritance: x-linked. (08 Mar 2000) |
| glycols | A generic grouping for dihydric alcohols with the hydroxy groups (-oh) located on different carbon atoms. They are viscous liquids with high boiling points for their molecular weights. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycoluric | <chemistry> Pertaining to, derived from, glycol and urea; as, glycoluric acid, which is Synonym: hydantoic acid. Origin: Glycol + uric. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| monomethoxypolyethylene glycol-arginase | <chemical> Monomethylethylene glycol and arginase are attached covalently Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent Synonym: mm-peg-arginase (26 Jun 1999) |
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| monomethoxypolyethylene glycol-conjugated asparaginase | <chemical> Used in patients with haematological malignancies Synonym: peg(2)-asp, 2,4-bis(2-methoxypolyethyleneglycol)-6-chloro-s-triazine-conjugated l-asparaginase (26 Jun 1999) |
| monomethoxypolyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase | <chemical> Pharmacological action: free radical scavengers Synonym: mpeg-sod (26 Jun 1999) |
| polyethylene glycol | <chemical> A hydrophilic polymer that interacts with cell membranes and promotes fusion of cells to produce viable hybrids. Often used in producing hybridomas. (18 Nov 1997) |
| polyethylene glycol dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Catalyses the first step in polyethylene glycol metabolism in bacteria Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| polyethylene glycol-glutaminase-asparaginase | <chemical> Covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol to nonessential amine groups of enzyme renders it nonimmunogenic for treatment of leukaemia (EC 3.5.1.-) Pharmacological action: immunosuppressive agent Chemical name: glutaminase-asparaginase Synonym: polyethyleneglycol-l-glutaminase-l-asparaginase, peg-l-glutaminase-l-asparaginase (26 Jun 1999) |
| polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase | <chemical> A free radical scavenger Pharmacological action: free radical scavengers Synonym: peg-sod (26 Jun 1999) |
| polyethylene glycol-uricase | <chemical> Uricase covalently attached to polyethylene glycol, modifying 71% of amino groups and retaining 11% of activity without eliciting antibody response in mice or man; used for lowering serum uric acid Synonym: peg-uricase, methoxypolyethylene glycol uricase (26 Jun 1999) |
| propylene glycol | <chemical> A clear, colourless, viscous liquid used as a humectant and solvent in pharmaceutical preparations. Derivative of propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol). They are used as humectants and solvents in pharmaceutical preparations. Pharmacological action: cryoprotective agents, solvents, vehicles. (12 Dec 1998) |
| diethylene glycol | An organic solvent chemically related to ethylene glycol. Upon metabolic conversion it becomes oxalic acid, which is toxic to the kidney. A sweet, viscous liquid that was used to make the infamous elixir of sulfanilamide that proved fatal to over 100 children in 1937, leading to the establishment of the FDA to monitor drug safety. (05 Mar 2000) |
| triethylene glycol | C6H14O4; 2,2'-Ethylenedioxybis(ethanol);used in the vapor state as an air-sterilizing agent; toxic to bacteria, fungi, and viruses in very low concentrations in air; variations in the humidity of the air limit the germicidal effectiveness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ethylene glycol | <chemical> A common ingredient in anti-freeze, very toxic to the liver if ingested (27 Sep 1997) |
| L-glycol dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Catalyses NADPH linked reversible reduction of uncharged vicinal dicarbonyls and alpha-hydroxycarbonyls to l-(+)-glycols Registry number: EC 1.1.1.185 Synonym: l-(+)-glycol-NADP oxidoreductase, alpha-dicarbonyl reductase, l-(+)-alpha-hydroxycarbonyl-NADP oxidoreductase (26 Jun 1999) |