| glucose-6-phosphate | <biochemistry> Glucose 6-phosphate is a phosphomonoester of glucose that is formed by transfer of phosphate from ATP, catalysed by the enzyme hexokinase. It is an intermediate both of the glycolytic pathway (next converted to fructose 6 phosphate) and of the NADPH generating pentose phosphate pathway, formed from glucose via hexokinase. However it is not strictly a glycolytic intermediate and it is readily converted to glycogen or oxidized to NADPH. (10 Oct 1997) |
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| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> An NADP+ enzyme that catalyses the dehydrogenation (oxidation) of d-glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phospho-d-glucono-d-lactone, this reaction initiating the Dickens shunt. Deficiency of this enzyme is the commonest disease-causing enzyme defect in humans affecting an estimated 400 million people. The gene for this enzyme is on the X chromosome. Males with the enzyme deficiency develop haemolytic anaemia when red blood cells are exposed to oxidant drugs such as the antimalarial primaquine, the sulfonamide antibiotics or sulfones, naphthalene moth balls, or fava beans. Synonym: Robison ester dehydrogenase, Zwischenferment. Acronym: G6PD (12 Sep 2002) |
| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency | A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme important for maintaining cellular concentrations of reduced nucleotides. Deficiency of this enzyme is the commonest disease-causing enzyme defect in humans affecting an estimated 400 million people. The gene for this enzyme is on the X chromosome and there are various polymorphic forms. Males with the enzyme deficiency develop haemolytic anaemia when red blood cells are exposed to oxidant drugs such as the antimalarial primaquine, the sulfonamide antibiotics or sulfones, naphthalene moth balls, or fava beans. It can also cause anaemia of the newborn, and chronic nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia. Inheritance: X-linked. (12 Sep 2002) |
| glucose-6-phosphate isomerase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible interconversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, and is a part of the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. Deficiency of the enzyme, an autosomal recessive trait, results in liver glycogenesis and haemolytic anaemia. Chemical name: D-Glucose-6-phosphate ketol-isomerase Registry number: EC 5.3.1.9 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glucose-6-phosphate translocase | <enzyme> A component of EC 3.1.3.9 which transports glucose phosphate into endoplasmic reticulum Registry number: EC 2.7.- Synonym: t1 transport protein (26 Jun 1999) |