| extract | <pharmacology> A concentrated preparation of a vegetable or animal drug obtained by removing the active constituents therefrom with a suitable menstruum, evaporating all or nearly all the solvent and adjusting the residual mass or powder to a prescribed standard. Extracts are prepared in three forms, semiliquid or of syrupy consistency, pilular or solid and as dry powder. Origin: L. Extractum (18 Nov 1997) |
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| extractant | An agent used to isolate or extract a substance from a mixture or combination of substances, from the tissues, or from a crude drug. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extractiform | <chemistry> Having the form, appearance, or nature, of an extract. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| extracting forceps | <dentistry> Forceps used to luxate teeth and remove them from the alveolus. Synonym: extracting forceps. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extraction | The process or act of pulling or drawing out. Origin: L. Trahere = to draw (18 Nov 1997) |
| extraction and processing industry | The industry concerned with the removal of raw materials from the earth's crust and with their conversion into refined products. (12 Dec 1998) |
| extraction coefficient | The percentage of a substance removed from the blood or plasma in a single passage through a tissue; e.g., the extraction coefficient for p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) in the kidney is the difference between arterial and renal venous plasma PAH concentrations, divided by the arterial plasma PAH concentration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extraction ratio | The fraction of a substance removed from the blood flowing through the kidney; it is calculated from the formula (A -V)/A, where A and V, respectively, are the concentrations of the substance in arterial and renal venous plasma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extraction, obstetrical | Extraction of the foetus by means of obstetrical instruments. (12 Dec 1998) |
| extractive | 1. Capable of being extracted. "Thirty grains of extractive matter." 2. Tending or serving to extract or draw out. "Certain branches of industry are conveniently designated extractive: e.g, agriculture, pastoral and mining pursuits, cutting of lumber, etc." (Cairnes) Origin: Cf. F. Extractif. 1. Anything extracted; an extract. "Extractives, of which the most constant are urea, kreatin, and grape sugar." (H. N. Martin) 2. <chemistry> A chemical principle once supposed to exist in all extracts. Any one of a large class of substances obtained by extraction, and consisting largely of nitrogenous hydrocarbons, such as xanthin, hypoxanthin, and creatine extractives from muscle tissue. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| extractives | Substances present in vegetable or animal tissue that can be separated by successive treatment with solvents and recovered by evaporation of the solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| extractor | One who, or that which, extracts; as: A device for withdrawing a cartridge or spent cartridge shell from the chamber of the barrel. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| alcoholic extract | A solid extract obtained by extracting the alcohol-soluble principles of a drug, followed by the evaporation of the alcohol. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| allergenic extract | Extract (usually containing protein) from various sources, e.g., food, bacteria, pollen, and the like, suspected of specific action in stimulating manifestations of allergy; may be used for skin testing or desensitization. Synonym: allergic extract. (05 Mar 2000) |
| allergic extract | Extract (usually containing protein) from various sources, e.g., food, bacteria, pollen, and the like, suspected of specific action in stimulating manifestations of allergy; may be used for skin testing or desensitization. Synonym: allergic extract. (05 Mar 2000) |
| belladonna extract | A powdered extract from the leaves and/or roots of Atropa belladonna; used to formulate various pharmaceutical dosage forms. Contains the alkaloids of belladonna (atropine and scopolamine) and has been used in the treatment of ulcers, diarrhoea, and parkinsonism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Buchner extract | A cell-free extract of yeast, such as was prepared by Eduard and Hans Buchner and observed to catalyze alcoholic fermentation; this observation essentially eliminated "vitalism" as being responsible for biological chemical reactions and initiated the beginnings of modern biochemistry (enzymology). (05 Mar 2000) |
| cell-free extract | <cell culture> A liquid that is a mixture of the contents of a particular type of cell, sometimes the organelles are also filtered out of the liquid. (26 Mar 1998) |
| goulards extract | <medicine> An aqueous solution of the subacetate of lead, used as a lotion in cases of inflammation. Goulard's cerate is a cerate containing this extract. Origin: Named after the introducer, Thomas Goulard, a French surgeon. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| pollen extract | Liquid obtained by extracting the protein from the pollen of plants used for diagnostic testing or treatment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hydroalcoholic extract | A solid extract obtained by extracting the soluble principles of the drug with alcohol and water, followed by evaporation of the solution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| equivalent extract | A fluidextract of the same strength, weight for weight, as the original drug. Synonym: valoid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| yeast extract agar | A medium used to induce sporulation and reduce vegetative growth in the cultivation of fungi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| liquid extract | Pharmacopeial liquid preparation of vegetable drugs, made by percolation, containing alcohol as a solvent or as a preservative, or both, and so made that each milliliter contains the therapeutic constituents of 1 g of the standard drug that it represents. Synonym: liquid extract. (05 Mar 2000) |