| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| DBS | deep brain stimulation; Denis Browne splint; despeciated bovine serum; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; di... |
| DLT | dihydroepiandrosterone loading test; double lung transplantation; double-lumen endotracheal tube |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| ds | Anti-double stranded |
| dsDNA | Anti-double-stranded DNA |
| db | Double Bind |
| DFPP | Double Filtration Plasmapheresis |
Zeune's law 맹인의 수는 적도에 가까운 열대지방에서 증가한다.
zidovudin
| double stain | <technique> A mixture of two dyes, each of which stains different portions of a tissue or cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| bufadienolides (two double bonds) | Bufatrienolides (three double bonds), etc; they have varying numbers of hydroxyl groups at positions 3, 5, 14, and 16, and these may be further substituted. For structure, see steroids. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| bufenolides (one double bond) | (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbon-carbon double bond isomerases | <enzyme> Enzymes that catalyze the shifting of a carbon-carbon double bond from one position to another within the same molecule. Registry number: EC 5.3.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, double-stranded | RNA consisting of two strands as opposed to the more prevalent single-stranded RNA. most of the double-stranded segments are formed from transcription of DNA by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. Some double-stranded segments of RNA are normal in all organisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| conjugated double bonds | Two or more double bond separated by each single bond. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical trial | <statistics> A clinical trial in which the method for analysing data has been specified in the protocol before the study has begun (prospective), the patients have been randomly assigned to receive either the study drug or alternative treatment, and in which neither the patient nor the physician conducting the study know which treatment is being given to the patient. (13 Nov 1997) |
| double | 1. To increase by adding an equal number, quantity, length, value, or the like; multiply by two; to double a sum of money; to double a number, or length. "Double six thousand, and then treble that." (Shak) 2. To make of two thicknesses or folds by turning or bending together in the middle; to fold one part upon another part of; as, to double the leaf of a book, and the like; to clinch, as the fist; often followed by up; as, to double up a sheet of paper or cloth. "Then the old man Was wroth, and doubled up his hands." (Tennyson) 3. To be the double of; to exceed by twofold; to contain or be worth twice as much as. "Thus reenforced, against the adverse fleet, Still doubling ours, brave Rupert leads the way." (Dryden) 4. To pass around or by; to march or sail round, so as to reverse the direction of motion. "Sailing along the coast, the doubled the promontory of Carthage." (Knolles) 5. To unite, as ranks or files, so as to form one from each two. Origin: OE. Doblen, dublen, doublen, F. Doubler, fr. L. Duplare, fr. Duplus. See Double. 1. Twice as much; twice the number, sum, quantity, length, value, and the like. "If the thief be found, let him pay double." (Ex. Xxii. 7) 2. Among compositors, a doublet (see Doublet. 2); among pressmen, a sheet that is twice pulled, and blurred. 3. That which is doubled over or together; a doubling; a plait; a fold. "Rolled up in sevenfold double Of plagues." (Marston) 4. A turn or circuit in running to escape pursues; hence, a trick; a shift; an artifice. "These men are too well acquainted with the chase to be flung off by any false steps or doubles." (Addison) 5. Something precisely equal or counterpart to another; a counterpart. Hence, a wraith. "My charming friend . . . Has, I am almost sure, a double, who preaches his afternoon sermons for him." (Atlantic Monthly) 6. A player or singer who prepares to take the part of another player in his absence; a substitute. 7. Double beer; strong beer. 8. A feast in which the antiphon is doubled, hat is, said twice, before and after the Psalms, instead of only half being said, as in simple feasts. 9. A game between two pairs of players; as, a first prize for doubles. 10. An old term for a variation, as in Bach's Suites. 1. Twofold; multiplied by two; increased by its equivalent; made twice as large or as much, etc. "Let a double portion of thy spirit be upon me." (2 Kings II. 9) "Darkness and tempest make a double night." (Dryden) 2. Being in pairs; presenting two of a kind, or two in a set together; coupled. "[Let] The swan, on still St. Mary's lake, Float double, swan and shadow." (Wordsworth) 3. Divided into two; acting two parts, one openly and the other secretly; equivocal; deceitful; insincere. "With a double heart do they speak." (Ps. Xii. 2) 4. <botany> Having the petals in a flower considerably increased beyond the natural number, usually as the result of cultivation and the expense of the stamens, or stamens and pistils. The white water lily and some other plants have their blossoms naturally double. Double is often used as the first part of a compound word, generally denoting two ways, or twice the number, quantity, force, etc, twofold, or having two. Double base, or Double bass . Same as Double-quick. Double window, a window having two sets of glazed sashes with an air space between them. Origin: OE. Doble, duble, double, OF. Doble, duble, double, F. Double, fr. L. Duplus, fr. The root of duo two, and perh. That of plenus full; akin to Gr. Double. See Two, and Full, and cf. Diploma, Duple. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| double antibody immunoassay | A method of separating antibody-bound antigen (e.g., insulin) from free antigen by precipitating the former with antibody specific for immunoglobulin. Synonym: double antibody immunoassay, double antibody method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double antibody method | A method of separating antibody-bound antigen (e.g., insulin) from free antigen by precipitating the former with antibody specific for immunoglobulin. Synonym: double antibody immunoassay, double antibody method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double antibody precipitation | A method of separating antibody-bound antigen (e.g., insulin) from free antigen by precipitating the former with antibody specific for immunoglobulin. Synonym: double antibody immunoassay, double antibody method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double antibody sandwich assay | For antigen; an application of the ELISA method in which material being tested for antigen is added to wells coated with known antibody; the presence of antigen fixed to the antibody coat can be determined either directly, by adding human antibody linked to the enzyme of the indicator system, or indirectly, by first adding unlabelled known antibody, the attachment of which to the antigen can be demonstrated by addition of immunoglobulin-specific antibody linked to the enzyme. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double aortic arch | Congenital malformation of the aorta that splits and has a right and a left arch instead of a single arch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double aortic stenosis | Subaortic stenosis associated with stenosis of the valve itself, both lesions being congenital. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double athetosis | A type of cerebral palsy manifested predominantly as bilateral involuntary movements, beginning at about the age of 3 years, and preceded by generalised hypotonia and delayed motor development. Due to various causes, including kernicterus and birth hypoxia. Synonym: congenital choreoathetosis, double congenital athetosis, Vogt syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double back cross | A mating that is a back cross at each of two loci of interest; of special value and importance in linkage analysis. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|