| dilute | 1. To make thinner or more liquid by admixture with something; to thin and dissolve by mixing. "Mix their watery store. With the chyle's current, and dilute it more." (Blackmore) 2. To diminish the strength, flavor, colour, etc, of, by mixing; to reduce, especially by the addition of water; to temper; to attenuate; to weaken. "Lest these colours should be diluted and weakened by the mixture of any adventitious light." (Sir I. Newton) Origin: L. Dilutus, p. P. Of diluere to wash away, dilute; di- = dis- + luere, equiv. To lavare to wash, lave. See Lave, and cf. Deluge. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| dilute alcohol | An alcohol in water mixtures of various concentrations, e.g., 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 45, 25, and 20% v/v of C2H5OH. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dilute phosphoric acid | A solvent containing 10% H3PO4. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenylyl sulfate-ammonia adenylyltransferase | <enzyme> Forms adenosine 5'-phosphoramidate Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: adenylyl sulphate-ammonia adenylyltransferase, as-aat (26 Jun 1999) |
| ammonia | <biochemistry> The common name for NH3, a strongly basic, irritating, colourlessgas which is lighter than air and readily soluble in water. It is formed in nature as a by-product of protein metabolism in animals.Industrially, it is used in explosives, fertiliser, refrigerants, household cleaningsolutions, etc. Ammonium hydroxide (NH4+), a solution of ammonia gas in water. (09 Oct 1997) |
| ammonia assimilation | The utilization of ammonia (or ammonium ions) in the net synthesis of nitrogen-containing molecules; e.g., glutamine synthetase. Synonym: ammonia fixation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ammonia detoxication | The detoxication of ammonia and ammonium ion by the formation of ammonium salts, specific nitrogen-excretion products, or l-glutamine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ammonia fixation | The utilization of ammonia (or ammonium ions) in the net synthesis of nitrogen-containing molecules; e.g., glutamine synthetase. Synonym: ammonia fixation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ammonia-lyases | <enzyme> Enzymes that catalyze the formation of a c=c bond in a molecule by liberation of ammonia. Registry number: EC 4.3.1. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ammonia monooxygenase | <enzyme> Ammonia is oxidised to hydroxylamine by nitrifying bacterium, nitrosomonas europaea; also hydroxylates alkanes and arenes; converts alkenes to epoxides Registry number: EC 1.7.3.- Synonym: ammonia mono-oxygenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| ammonia rash | Colloquially referred to as diaper, ammonia, or napkin rash; dermatitis of thighs and buttocks resulting from exposure to urine and faeces in infants' diapers. Formerly attributed to ammonia formation; moisture, bacterial growth, and alkalinity may all induce lesions. Synonym: ammonia rash, diaper rash, Jacquet's erythema, napkin rash. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic ammonia spirit | A hydroalcoholic solution containing approximately 2% ammonia and 4% ammonium carbonate and the aromatics: lemon oil, lavender oil, and myristica oil. Used mainly by inhalation to produce reflex stimulation in persons who have fainted or are at risk of syncope. Synonym: sal volatile, smelling salts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aspartate-ammonia ligase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of asparagine from ammonia and aspartic acid, in the presence of ATP. Chemical name: L-Aspartate:ammonia ligase (AMP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.3.1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| aspartate ammonia-lyase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of aspartic acid to ammonia and fumaric acid in plants and some microorganisms. Chemical name: L-Aspartate ammonia-lyase Registry number: EC 4.3.1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia) | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from ATP, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. This enzyme is specific for arginine biosynthesis or the urea cycle. Chemical name: Carbon dioxide:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating) Registry number: EC 6.3.4.16 (12 Dec 1998) |