| Benedict-Roth calorimeter | <apparatus, physiology> A device employed to measure the amount of oxygen utilised in quiet breathing in the basal state for the estimation of the basal metabolic rate; the subject rebreathes oxygen through soda lime from a recording spirometer. (14 Aug 2000) |
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| bomb calorimeter | An instrument which measures the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. It is used for determining the potential energy of organic substances, including those in foods. It consists of a hollow steel container, lined with platinum and filled with pure oxygen, into which a weighed quantity of substance is placed and ignited with an electric fuse; the heat produced is absorbed by water surrounding the bomb and, from the rise in temperature, the calories liberated are calculated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| calorimeter | <radiobiology> In conventional fusion research, this name refers to any device used to measure power or energy in a laser or particle beam. (for example, for ICF or neutral beam heating or a magnetically-confined plasma.) (09 Oct 1997) |
| compensating curve | The anteroposterior and lateral curvature in the alignment of the occluding surfaces and incisal edges of artificial teeth; used to develop balanced occlusion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| compensating emphysema | Compensatory emphysema, increase in the air capacity of a portion of the lung when another portion is consolidated, shrunken, or unable to perform its respiratory function; the alveoli are distended, but there is no destruction of alveolar walls, and hence, no true emphysema, as this term is now defined. (05 Mar 2000) |
| compensating eyepieces | <microscopy> Those designed for use with objectives such as apochromats in order to correct chromatic aberration. (05 Aug 1998) |
| compensating ocular | An ocular that compensates and corrects for the effects of chromatic aberration in the objective. (05 Mar 2000) |