| 영문 | sex chromosome | 한글 | 성염색체 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 암수의 성을 결정하는 데 중요한 구실을 하는 염색체. 이것에 대하여 보통의 염색체를 보통염색체라고 한다. 암수의 구별이 있는 생물에서는 암수에 따라 다른 형과 수를 나타내는 염색체이며, 보통염색체에 비해 염색성이나 행동에서 차이가 있다. 특히 동물의 성염색체는 그런 경향이 강하다. 휴지기 및 핵분열 전기에 뚜렷한 이상응축을 나타내며 감수분열 때는 다른 염색체보다 먼저 앞서거나 끌려가는 행동을 보여준다. |
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| 영문 | chromosome | 한글 | 염색체 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유전정보를 담고 있는 DNA가 모여서 이루는 구조물로 핵속에 위치한다. 세포가 분열할 때 이것을 더욱 뚜렷이 관찰할 수가 있다. 이것은 사람처럼 고등생물체에서 너무나 많은 정보를 담고 있어, 엄청난 길이(사람에 있어서 전 DNA를 길이로 따지면 약 2m가 된다)가 된 DNA를 작은 핵이란 공간속에 보관하기 위해서 만들어진 구조이다. 이 염색체의 수는 생물의 종에 따라 다르며 사람의 경우는 46개이다. |
||
| 영문 | chromosome abnormality | 한글 | 염색체이상 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염색체의 수나 구조의 이상. 이상이 생긴 세포나 개체는 유전적인 이상을 일으켜 사람의 경우, 다운 증후군-터너 증후군 따위의 여러 가지 형태로 나타난다. |
||
| csb | chromosome break |
|---|---|
| Xp | paternal chromosome X; short arm of chromosome X |
| BUT | Break-Up Time |
| ctb | chromated break |
| DSB | double-strand break |
| BUT | Break-up Time |
|---|---|
| BDP | break down product |
| DNA-SSB | DNA single strand break |
| DSB | Double strand break |
| DSB | Double-strand DNA break |
| chromosome breakage | A type of chromosomal aberration which may result from spontaneous or induced breakage. Alkylating agents, various types of irradiation, and chemical mutagens have been found to cause induced chromosomal breakage. Breakage can induce base pair translocations, deletions, or chromatid breakage. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| break | 1. To strain apart; to sever by fracture; to divide with violence; as, to break a rope or chain; to break a seal; to break an axle; to break rocks or coal; to break a lock. 2. To lay open as by breaking; to divide; as, to break a package of goods. 3. To lay open, as a purpose; to disclose, divulge, or communicate. "Katharine, break thy mind to me." (Shak) 4. To infringe or violate, as an obligation, law, or promise. " Out, out, hyena! these are thy wonted arts . . . To break all faith, all vows, deceive, betray." (Milton) 5. To interrupt; to destroy the continuity of; to dissolve or terminate; as, to break silence; to break one's sleep; to break one's journey. "Go, release them, Ariel;" "My charms I'll break, their senses I'll restore." (Shak) 6. To destroy the completeness of; to remove a part from; as, to break a set. 7. To destroy the arrangement of; to throw into disorder; to pierce; as, the cavalry were not able to break the British squares. 8. To shatter to pieces; to reduce to fragments. "The victim broke in pieces the musical instruments with which he had solaced the hours of captivity." (Prescott) 9. To exchange for other money or currency of smaller denomination; as, to break a five dollar bill. 10. To destroy the strength, firmness, or consistency of; as, to break flax. 11. To weaken or impair, as health, spirit, or mind. "An old man, broken with the storms of state." (Shak) 12. To diminish the force of; to lessen the shock of, as a fall or blow. "I'll rather leap down first, and break your fall." (Dryden) 13. To impart, as news or information; to broach; with to, and often with a modified word implying some reserve; as, to break the news gently to the widow; to break a purpose cautiously to a friend. 14. To tame; to reduce to subjection; to make tractable; to discipline; as, to break a horse to the harness or saddle. "To break a colt." "Why, then thou canst not break her to the lute?" (Shak) 15. To destroy the financial credit of; to make bankrupt; to ruin. "With arts like these rich Matho, when he speaks, Attracts all fees, and little lawyers breaks." (Dryden) 16. To destroy the official character and standing of; to cashier; to dismiss. "I see a great officer broken." (Swift) With prepositions or adverbs: To break down. To crush; to overwhelm; as, to break down one's strength; to break down opposition. To remove, or open a way through, by breaking; as, to break down a door or wall. To break in. To force in; as, to break in a door. To train; to discipline; as, a horse well broken in. To break of, to rid of; to cause to abandon; as, to break one of a habit. To break off. To separate by breaking; as, to break off a twig. To stop suddenly; to abandon. "Break off thy sins by righteousness." To break open, to open by breaking. "Open the door, or I will break it open." To break out, to take or force out by breaking; as, to break out a pane of glass. To break out a cargo, to unstow a cargo, so as to unload it easily. To break through. To make an opening through, as, as by violence or the force of gravity; to pass violently through; as, to break through the enemy's lines; to break through the ice. To disregard; as, to break through the ceremony. To break up. To separate into parts; to plow (new or fallow ground). "Break up this capon." "Break up your fallow ground." (b) To dissolve; to put an end to. "Break up the court." To break (one) all up, to unsettle or disconcert completely; to upset. With an immediate object: - To break the back. To dislocate the backbone; hence, to disable totally. To get through the worst part of; as, to break the back of a difficult undertaking. To break bulk, to destroy the entirety of a load by removing a portion of it; to begin to unload; also, to transfer in detail, as from boats to cars. To break cover, to burst forth from a protecting concealment, as game when hunted. To break a deer or stag, to cut it up and apportion the parts among those entitled to a share. To break fast, to partake of food after abstinence. See Breakfast. To break ground. To open the earth as for planting; to commence excavation, as for building, siege operations, and the like; as, to break ground for a foundation, a canal, or a railroad. To begin to execute any plan. To remove or set aside with violence and a felonious intent any part of a house or of the fastenings provided to secure it. To break the ice, to get through first difficulties; to overcome obstacles and make a beginning; to introduce a subject. To break jail, to escape from confinement in jail, usually by forcible means. To break a jest, to utter a jest. "Patroclus . . . The livelong day break scurril jests." To break joints, to lay or arrange bricks, shingles, etc, so that the joints in one course shall not coincide with those in the preceding course. To break a lance, to engage in a tilt or contest. To break the neck, to dislocate the joints of the neck. To break no squares, to create no trouble. To break a path, road, etc, to open a way through obstacles by force or labour. To break upon a wheel, to execute or torture, as a criminal by stretching him upon a wheel, and breaking his limbs with an iron bar; a mode of punishment formerly employed in some countries. To break wind, to give vent to wind from the anus. Synonym: To dispart, rend, tear, shatter, batter, violate, infringe, demolish, destroy, burst, dislocate. Origin: broke, (Brake); Broken, (Broke); Breaking] [OE. Breken, AS. Brecan; akin to OS. Brekan, D. Breken, OHG. Brehhan, G. Brechen, Icel.braka to creak, Sw. Braka, brakka to crack, Dan. Braekke to break, Goth. Brikan to break, L. Frangere. Cf. Bray to pound, Breach, Fragile. 1. To come apart or divide into two or more pieces, usually with suddenness and violence; to part; to burst asunder. 2. To open spontaneously, or by pressure from within, as a bubble, a tumour, a seed vessel, a bag. "Else the bottle break, and the wine runneth out." (Math. Ix. 17) 3. To burst forth; to make its way; to come to view; to appear; to dawn. "The day begins to break, and night is fied." (Shak) "And from the turf a fountain broke, and gurgled at our feet." (Wordswoorth) 4. To burst forth violently, as a storm. " The clouds are still above; and, while I speak, A second deluge o'er our head may break." (Shak) 5. To open up. To be scattered; t be dissipated; as, the clouds are breaking. "At length the darkness begins to break." (Macawlay) 6. To become weakened in constitution or faculties; to lose health or strength. "See how the dean begins to break; Poor gentleman he droops apace." (Swift) 7. To be crushed, or overwhelmed with sorrow or grief; as, my heart is breaking. 8. To fall in business; to become bankrupt. "He that puts all upon adventures doth oftentimes break, and come to poverty." (Bacn) 9. To make an abrupt or sudden change; to change the gait; as, to break into a run or gallop. 10. To fail in musical quality; as, a singer's voice breaks when it is strained beyond its compass and a tone or note is not completed, but degenerates into an unmusical sound instead. Also, to change in tone, as a boy's voice at puberty. 11. To fall out; to terminate friendship. "To break upon the score of danger or expense is to be mean and narrow-spirited." (Collier) With prepositions or adverbs: - To break away, to disengage one's self abruptly; to come or go away against resistance. "Fear me not, man; I will not break away." (Shak) To break down. To come down by breaking; as, the coach broke down. To fail in any undertaking. "He had broken down almost at the outset." (Thackeray) To break forth, to issue; to come out suddenly, as sound, light, etc. "Then shall thy light break forth as the morning." Often with into in expressing or giving vent to one's feelings. "Break forth into singing, ye mountains." To break from, to go away from abruptly. "This radiant from the circling crowd he broke." (Dryden) To break into, to enter by breaking; as, </[to break into a house. To break in upon, to enter or approach violently or unexpectedly. "This, this is he; softly awhile; let us not break in upon him." To break loose. To extricate one's self forcibly. "Who would not, finding way, break loose from hell?" To cast off restraint, as of morals or propriety. To break off. To become separated by rupture, or with suddenness and violence. To desist or cease suddenly. "Nay, forward, old man; do not break off so." To break off from, to desist from; to abandon, as a habit. To break out. To burst forth; to escape from restraint; to appear suddenly, as a fire or an epidemic. "For in the wilderness shall waters break out, and stream in the desert." To show itself in cutaneous eruptions; said of a disease. To have a rash or eruption on the akin; said of a patient. To break over, to overflow; to go beyond limits. To break up. To become separated into parts or fragments; as, the ice break up in the rivers; the wreck will break up in the next storm. To disperse. "The company breaks up." To break upon, to discover itself suddenly to; to dawn upon. To break with. To fall out; to sever one's relations with; to part friendship. "It can not be the Volsces dare break with us." "If she did not intend to marry Clive, she should have broken with him altogether." To come to an explanation; to enter into conference; to speak. "I will break with her and with her father." 1. An opening made by fracture or disruption. 2. An interruption of continuity; change of direction; as, a break in a wall; a break in the deck of a ship. Specifically: A projection or recess from the face of a displacement in the circuit, interrupting the electrical current. 3. An interruption; a pause; as, a break in friendship; a break in the conversation. 4. An interruption in continuity in writing or printing, as where there is an omission, an unfilled line, etc. "All modern trash is Set forth with numerous breaks and dashes." (Swift) 5. The first appearing, as of light in the morning; the dawn; as, the break of day; the break of dawn. 6. A large four-wheeled carriage, having a straight body and calash top, with the driver's seat in front and the footman's behind. 7. A device for checking motion, or for measuring friction. See Brake, 9 & 10. 8. See Commutator. See: Break, and cf. Brake (the instrument), Breach, Brack a crack. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| break-circuit | <physics> A key or other device for breaking an electrical circuit. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| break shock | The shock produced by breaking a constant current passing through the body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| wind-break | A clump of trees serving for a protection against the force of wind. To break the wind of; to cause to lose breath; to exhaust. "'T would wind-break a mule to vie burdens with her." (Ford) Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| single-strand break | A break in double-stranded DNA in which only one of the two strands has been cleaved; both strands have not separated from each other. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double-strand break | A break in double-stranded DNA in which both strands have been cleaved; however, the two strands have not separated from each other. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accessory chromosome | A chromosome existing without its normal homologous chromosome; at the reduction division of gametogenesis an accessory chromosome is likely to be included in one daughter cell and not in the other, but may be lost completely by lagging behind on the equatorial plate. Synonym: monosome, odd chromosome, unpaired allosome, unpaired chromosome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acentric chromosome | A fragment of a chromosome lacking a centromere and unable to attach to the mitotic spindle, therefore unable to take part in the division of a nucleus and randomly distributed in daughter cells. Synonym: acentric fragment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acrocentric chromosome | A chromosome with the centromere placed very close to one end so that the short arm is very small, often with a satellite. (05 Mar 2000) |
| balanced chromosome | <genetics> A chromosome which is unable to pair with its homologue and participate in homologus recombination during meiosis because it contains several inversion mutations (that is, has segments which have become flip-flopped). (09 Oct 1997) |
| B chromosome | <genetics> Small acentric chromosome, part of the normal genome of some races and species of plants. (18 Nov 1997) |
| bivalent chromosome | A pair of chromosome's temporarily united. (05 Mar 2000) |
| male chromosome complement | The large majority of males have a 46, xy chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including an x and a y chromosome). A minority of males have other chromosome constitutions such as 47,xxy (47 chromosomes including two x chromosomes and a y chromosome) and 47,xyy (47 chromosomes including an x and two y chromosomes). (12 Dec 1998) |
| marker chromosome | An abnormal chromosome that is distinctive in appearance but not fully identified. For example, the fragile x chromosome was once called the marker x. (12 Dec 1998) |
| p arm of a chromosome | The short arm of a chromosome (from the french petit meaning small). All human chromosomes have 2 arms: the p and q arms. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Chromosomal Breakage, Chromosomal Breaks, Chromosome Breaks, Break, Chromosomal, Break, Chromosome, Breakage, Chromosomal, Breakage, Chromosome, Breakages, Chromosomal, Breakages, Chromosome, Breaks, Chromosomal, Breaks, Chromosome, Chromosomal Break
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|