| 영문 | irritation, stimulus | 한글 | 자극 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생물에 작용하여 특정의 반응을 일으키는 요인. 보통 외계의 조건 변화에 따라 생물체에 특유한 활동이 왕성해지는 것을 생물체가 흥분했다고 하며, 흥분을 일으키는 원인이 된 외계의 조건 변화를 자극이라고 한다. 예를 들면, 바늘 끝으로 손등을 찌르면 신경섬유에 자극을 주게 되어, 이 신경섬유에 충격이라고 하는 어떤 변화가 생긴다. 이 충격이 전도되어 간다. 이 상태를 신경섬유가 흥분했다고 한다. 외적조건의 변화가 이것에 대응하는 감각기가 수용하여 자극이 되는데, 자극에 대한 반응에 반사적으로 일어나는 눈깜박이와 같은 국부적인 것이 있고, 기온의 변화에 대해서와 같이 전신적인 것도 있다. 세포자극으로서 작용하는 외계의 조건 변화는 그 에너지의 종류에 따라 기계적 자극-화학적 자극-온열적 자극-삼투압 자극-전기적 자극 등이 있다. 그 중 전기적 자극은 생체 속에서 자연히 일어나는 자극과 그로 인해 일어나는 흥분이 모두 전기적 과정이므로 자연히 일어나는 자극과 같거나, 그것에 가까운 것이다. 어떤 종류의 조건 변화는 도리어 흥분을 일으키기 어렵게 하는 것도 있다. |
||
| RS | radioscaphoid; random sample; rating schedule; Raynaud syndrome; recipient's serum; rectal sinus; re... |
|---|---|
| CCF | 1) Carotid(Carotico-) Cavernous Fistula 2) Crystal-induced Chemotactic Fa... |
| BCF | basophil chemotactic factor; bioconcentration factor; breast cyst fluid |
| BST | bacteriuria screening test; blood serologic test; brief stimulus therapy |
| CA | anterior commissure [Lat. commissura anterior]; calcium antagonist; California [rabbit]; cancer; Can... |
| C.I. | Chemotactic Index |
|---|---|
| chemokines | Chemotactic cytokines |
| CF | Chemotactic factor |
| CFI | Chemotactic factor inactivator |
| ECA | Eosinophil chemotactic activity |
| chemotactic | A response of motile cells or organisms in which the direction of movement is affected by the gradient of a diffusible substance. Differs from chemokinesis in that the gradient alters probability of motion in one direction only, rather than rate or frequency of random motion. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| chemotactic factors | Chemical substances that attract or repel cells or organisms. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract leukocytes, macrophages, or other cells to the site of infection or insult. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chemotactic factors, eosinophil | Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ecf-a, released mainly by mast cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chemotactic factors, macrophage | Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract macrophages. They may be lymphokines, products of antigen, antibody and complement interactions or other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chemotactic protein methylesterase | <enzyme> Demethylates methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- Synonym: chemotactic methylesterase, carboxymethylesterase of chemotaxis, cheb methylesterase (26 Jun 1999) |
| monocyte chemotactic and activating factor | Cytokine of the C C subfamily, co induced with IL-8 on stimulation of endothelial cells, fibroblasts or monocytes that activates and is chemotactic for, monocytes. A chemokine. (18 Nov 1997) |
| monocyte derived neutrophil chemotactic factor | <cytokine> A cytokine that activates neutrophils and attracts neutrophils and T-lymphocytes. It is released by several cell types including monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes by an inflammatory stimulus. Il-8 is a member of the beta-thromboglobulin superfamily and structurally related to platelet factor 4. Acronym: IL-8 (12 Dec 1998) |
| complement chemotactic factor | The activated complex of the fifth, sixth, and seventh components of complement (C567) which induces chemotaxis in the case of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis | A peptide (MW 500 to 600) that is chemotactic for eosinophilic leukocytes and is released from disrupted mast cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| eosinophil chemotactic peptide | <protein> Tetrapeptides (of which two are identified: VGSE and AGSE) released by mast cells and that are said to both attract and activate eosinophils. (18 Nov 1997) |
| adequate stimulus | A stimulus to which a particular receptor responds effectively and that gives rise to a characteristic sensation; e.g., light and sound waves that stimulate, respectively, visual and auditory receptors. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aversive stimulus | <psychology> A noxious stimulus such as an electric shock used in aversive training or conditioning. See: aversive training. (05 Mar 2000) |
| maximal stimulus | A stimulus strong enough to evoke a maximal response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| conditioned stimulus | A stimulus applied to one of the sense organs (e.g., receptors of vision, hearing, touch) which are an essential and integral part of the neural mechanism underlying a conditioned reflex. See: classical conditioning, higher order conditioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterologous stimulus | A stimulus that acts upon any part of the sensory apparatus or nerve tract. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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