| carbamoyl phosphate | H2NCO-OPO32-;a reactive intermediate capable of transferring its carbamoyl group (H2NCO-) to an acceptor molecule, forming citrulline from ornithine in the urea cycle, and ureidosuccinic acid from aspartic acid in pyrimidine ring formation. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| carbamoyl phosphate synthetase | A phosphotransferase catalyzing the formation of carbamoyl phosphate. There are two significant isozymes. Carbomoyl phosphate synthetase I is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyses the reaction of 2ATP, NH3, CO2, and H2O to carbamoyl phosphate, 2ADP, and Pi. It is activated by N-acetylglutamate and participates in urea biosynthesis. A deficiency of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I can result in hyperammonaemia. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II is a cytosolic enzyme that, under physiological conditions, uses l-glutamine as the nitrogen source (producing l-glutamate) instead of NH3, is not activated by N-acetylglutamate, and is found in pyrimidine biosynthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia) | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from ATP, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. This enzyme is specific for arginine biosynthesis or the urea cycle. Chemical name: Carbon dioxide:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating) Registry number: EC 6.3.4.16 (12 Dec 1998) |
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| carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from ATP, carbon dioxide, and glutamine. This enzyme is important in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines. Chemical name: Carbon dioxide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating) Registry number: EC 6.3.5.5 (12 Dec 1998) |
| carbamoyl | The acyl radical, NH2-CO-, the transfer of which plays an important role in certain biochemical reactions; e.g., in the urea cycle, via carbamoyl phosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carboxyl and carbamoyl transferases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of carboxyl- or carbamoyl- groups. Registry number: EC 2.1.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| N-carbamoyl-D-amino acid amidohydrolase | <enzyme> From comamonas sp.e222c; mw 120 kD; hydrolyzes d-enantiomers of various n-carbamoyl-d-amino acids to d-amino acids, ammonia and co2; sensitive to thiol reagents; does not require metal ions Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: caa-amidohydrolase, carbamoyl d-aa amidohyrolase (26 Jun 1999) |
| 1-carbamoyl-L-amino acid amidohydrolase | <enzyme> From bacillus stearothermophilus; amino acid sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: carbamoyl l-aa amidohydrolase, n-carbamyl-l-amino acid amidohydrolase (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDPacetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase | <enzyme> Transfers n-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate from udp-n-acetylglucosamine to dolichyl phosphate, forming n-acetylglucosaminylpyrophosphoryldolichol Chemical name: udp-glcnac-dolichyl-phosphate glcnac-1-phosphate transerase Registry number: EC 2.7.8.15 Synonym: n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, dol-p-p-glcnac synthase, dolichol pathway enzyme I, udp-acetylglucosamine-dolichol phosphate acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, glcnac-dp-1-phosphotransferase, udp-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate n-acetyl-d-glucosaminephosphotransferase, dolichol-p-dependent n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, alg7 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDP-GlcNAc-undecaprenyl phosphate N-acetylglucosaminyl 1-phosphate transferase | <enzyme> Catalyses transfer of n-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate from udp-glcnac to undecaprenyl phosphate Registry number: EC 2.7.8.- Synonym: glcnac-p-p-und synthase, gpt enzyme (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl phosphate | CH3CO-OPO32-;a "high energy" phosphate that acts as an acetate donor in the metabolism of various bacteria. Synonym: acetic phosphoric anhydride. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acidulated phosphate fluoride | <chemical> Phosphoric acid, mixt. With sodium fluoride (naf). A sodium fluoride solution, paste or powder, which has been acidulated to pH 3 to 4 and buffered with a phosphate. It is used in the prevention of dental caries. Pharmacological action: fluorides, topical. Chemical name: Phosphoric acid, mixt. With sodium fluoride (NaF) (12 Dec 1998) |
| acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate oxidoreductase | <enzyme> Forms acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate; uses NADPH Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate forming 5'-AMP. A crucial step in the regulation of cellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate levels. Inhibited by caffeine. Synonym: cAMP phosphodiesterase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine 3'-phosphate | 3'-Adenylic acid. See: adenylic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate | 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate;an intermediate in the formation of urinary ethereal sulfates, notable for containing a "high energy" sulfate bond; the 3'-OH of adenosine is replaced by -OPO3H2, the 5'-OH by -OP(O2H)-OSO3H. Synonym: active sulfate. Acronym: PAPS (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine 5'-phosphate | 5'-Adenylic acid. See: adenylic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |