| ¿µ¹® | bacteriophage | ÇÑ±Û | ¼¼±ÕÆÄÁö, ¹ÚÅ׸®¿ÀÆÄÁö |
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| ¼³¸í | ¼¼±Õ¿¡ °¨¿°µÇ¾î ±× ¼¼Æ÷ ³»¿¡¼¸¸ Áõ½ÄÇÏ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ¼¼±ÕÀ» ¼÷ÁÖ·Î ÇÏ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º·Î ¼¼±Õ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. Áï, ÇÙ»ê°ú ¼Ò¼öÀÇ È¿¼Ò¸¦ ´Ü¹éÁúÀÇ ²®Áú·Î ½Î°í ÀÖ´Â °£´ÜÇÑ ±¸Á¶À̸ç, °¢°¢ ƯÁ¤ÀÇ ¼¼±ÕÁ¾¿¡¸¸ °¨¿°ÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼±Õ¿¡ ±â»ýÇÏ¸ç ±Õü¸¦ ³ìÀÌ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÌ´Ù. À¯Àü ÇüÁúÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû Ư¼ºÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥¿¡ ¾´´Ù. ÆÄÁö¿¡´Â DNA¿Í RNA ÆÄÁö°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±âÈ£¿Í ¼ýÀÚ·Î ºÐ·ùÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼±Õ¿¡ °¨¿°µÇ¾î ¼¼±ÕÀ» ¿ëÇØ½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿ë±ÕÆÄÁö¶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, ¼÷ÁÖ¸¦ ³ìÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í ¼÷ÁÖ À¯Àüü¿¡ µé¾î°¡ °øÁ¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÅÛÆÛ·¹ÀÌÆ® ÆÄÁö¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù. ¶Ç, µ¿½Ä¹° ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ °¨¿°ÇÏ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¸¦ °¢°¢ µ¿¹° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º-½Ä¹° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¶ó Çϴµ¥ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¼¼±Õ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼±Õ¿©°ú±â¸¦ Åë°úÇÏ¸ç ±¤ÇÐÇö¹Ì°æÀ¸·Î´Â Á÷Á¢ º¼ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¹Ì¼ÒÇÑ ÀÔÀÚÀÌ´Ù. »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ ³»¿¡¼¸¸ Áõ½ÄÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϰí, ´ë»çȰ¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Àϵµ ¾ø´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | test | ÇÑ±Û | °Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ¾î¶² ´Ù¸¥ ¹°ÁúÀ» °ËÃâ, ÃøÁ¤, »ý¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ÈÇйÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹æ¹ý. |
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| ¿µ¹® | scratch test | ÇÑ±Û | ³Àý¹ý |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇǺθ¦ ³¯Ä«·Î¿î ¹Ù´Ã·Î ±Ü¾î ÇǺÎÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» º¸´Â °Ë»ç·Î ÇǺΠ°ú¹Î¹ÝÀÀÀ̳ª ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â À§ÇÑ °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ù´Ã³¡¿¡ Ç׿øÀ» ¹¯Èù µÚ, ÇǺιØÀ» ±Ü¾î ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. À̶§ Ç׿øÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ´ëÁ¶¹°Áú(¿¹¸¦ µé¾î º¸ÅëÀÇ ¹°)À» ¹¯Èù ¹Ù´ÃÀ» °°ÀÌ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ÇǺ馱âÁõ(dermographism) ´ÜÁö ¹Ù´ÃÀÇ ±ÜÈû¸¸À¸·Î ¾Ë·¹¸£±â °°Àº ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â Çö»ó°ú °¨º°ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³Ã», û·Â¼Ò½Ç(hearing loss) û°¢ÀÌ ÀúÇÏ ¶Ç´Â »ó½ÇµÈ »óÅÂ. ¿øÀΰú Á¤µµ´Â ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀε¥, ³Ã»Àº ±× Á¤µµ°¡ °¡Àå ½ÉÇÑ »óÅÂÀÌ´Ù. û°¢ÀÇ Àüµµ°æ·Î¿¡ Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ³Ã»ÀÌ ÀϾ°í, ±× º´ÅͰ¡ ¿ÜÀ̵µ³ª ÁßÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀüÀ½³Ã», ³»ÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» °¨À½ ³Ã»À̶ó ÇÏ¿© ±¸ºÐÇÑ´Ù. ¶Ç º´ÅÍÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÏ¿© ÁßÀ̼º ³Ã»À̳ª ¹Ì·Î¼º ³Ã» µîÀ¸·Î ¼¼ºÐÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | stool guaiac test | ÇÑ±Û | ´ëº¯ ±¸¾ÆÀÌ¾Ç °Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ´ëº¯³»¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀáÇ÷(´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ÃâÇ÷)À¯¹«¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, Ç÷±¸³»ÀÇ heme peroxidase¿¡ ÀÇÇØ guaiacÀÌ »êȵǴ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¹æ¹ýÀº 3Àϰ£¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÇÑ º¯¿¡¼ 2±ºµ¥¾¿ äÃëÇÏ¿© °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. À§¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀ(°ÅÁþÀ¸·Î Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¹ÝÀÀ)Àº ½Ä¹° °ú»êÈÈ¿¼Ò¸¦ ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â È«´ç¹«ÀÇ ¼·Ã볪 Ç÷±¸ ¼ººÐÀ» ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °í±â ¼·Ãë µî¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À§À½¼º ¹ÝÀÀ(½ÇÁ¦·Î Ç÷¾×Àº ÀÖÁö¸¸, Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¹ÝÀÀ)Àº ȯ¿ø·ÂÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ºñŸ¹Î CÀÇ º¹¿ë½Ã ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ À§¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ÈçÇÏ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | Rorschach Test | ÇÑ±Û | ·Î¸£»þÇÏ °Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | »ç°íÀå¾Ö¿Í Á¤¼Àå¾Ö¿¡ ¹Î°¨ÇÑ Åõ»ç°Ë»ç(projective test). °ËÀº»ö°ú ¸î°¡Áö »öÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø À×Å©¾ó·è°°Àº µµÇüÀÌ ±×·ÁÁø 10°³ÀÇ Ä«µå¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÇǰËÀÚ¿¡°Ô Ä«µå¸¦ º¸ÀÌ°í º» °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸»Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¾ó·èÀÇ ¾î´À À§Ä¡°¡ ÇǰËÀÚ°¡ ¸»ÇÑ Áö°¢´ë»óÀ» ¾Ï½ÃÇÏ´ÂÁö ãµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ÇǰËÀÚÀÇ ´äº¯À» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¸é ±×ÀÇ »ç°í¿Í Á¤¼»óÅ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| PAT | Pain Apperception Test; paroxysmal atrial tachycardia; patient; phenylaminotetrazole; physical abili... |
|---|---|
| NT | nasotracheal; neotetrazolium; neurotensin; neurotrophic; neutralization test; nicotine tartrate; non... |
| PRNT | plaque reduction neutralization test |
| CAT | California Achievement Test; capillary agglutination test; catalase; cataract; catecholamine; Childr... |
| TAT | tetanus antitoxin; thematic apperception test; thematic aptitude test; thrombin-antithrombin complex... |
| N | Neutralization |
|---|---|
| PRN | Plaque Reduction Neutralization |
| PRNT | Plaque reduction neutralization tests |
| SN | Serum Neutralization |
| TN | Toxin Neutralization |
| neutralization test | A test to determine the antimicrobial activity of a serum by inoculating a susceptible animal with a mixture of the serum and the virus or other microbe being tested. Synonym: neutralization test. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| neutralization | 1. The act or process of neutralising, or the state of being neutralized. 2. <chemistry> The act or process by which an acid and a base are combined in such proportions that the resulting compound is neutral. See Neutral. Origin: Cf. F. Neutralisation. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| neutralization plate | A metal plate used for the internal fixation of a long bone fracture to neutralise the forces producing displacement. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutralization tests | Titration of an antiserum by testing a series of dilutions of virus or immune serum to a given end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (cpe) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (id50) or die (ld50). (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage | <microbiology, virology> Viruses that have a specific affinity for and infect bacteria. The bacteriophages that attack Escherichia coli are termed coliphages, examples of these are lambda phage and the T even phages, T2, T4 and T6. Basically, phages consist of a protein coat or capsid enclosing the genetic material, DNA or RNA, that is injected into the bacterium upon infection. In the case of virulent phages all synthesis of host DNA, RNA and proteins ceases and the phage genome is used to direct the synthesis of phage nucleic acids and proteins using the host's transcriptional and translational apparatus. These phage components then self assemble to form new phage particles. The synthesis of a phage lysozyme leads to rupture of the bacterial cell wall releasing, typically 100-200 phage progeny. The temperate phages, such as lambda, may also show this lytic cycle when they infect a cell, but more frequently they induce lysogeny. The study of bacteriophages has been important for our understanding of gene structure and regulation. Lambda has been extensively used as a vector in recombinant DNA studies. (15 Nov 1997) |
| bacteriophage 2 depolymerase | <enzyme> Hydrolyzes glycolipoproteins and lipopolysaccharides; releases aminosugars Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- Synonym: phage 2 depolymerase (26 Jun 1999) |
| bacteriophage immunity | The state induced in a bacterium by lysogenization, the lysogenic bacterium being insusceptible to further lysogenization or to a lytic cycle by a superinfecting bacteriophage, in contradistinction to bacteriophage resistance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacteriophage lambda | <microbiology, virology> A bacteriophage, or virus which infects bacteria, that infects E. Coli. It has a complex set of regulatory mechanisms to determine whether it will quietly insert its DNA into the bacterial genome to become dormant and to be reproduced whenever the bacterium reproduces (to lysogenize), or whether it will hijack the bacterium's cellular machinery to reproduce itself and prepare to infect more bacteria, causing the bacterium to self-destruct shortly after infection (to lyse). Lambda is particularly useful to geneticists because parts of it can be used to introduce foreign DNA into the bacterial genome, it is a cloning vector. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage m13 | <microbiology> A bacteriophage (a virus which infects bacteria) that has single-stranded DNA. It is used as a method of obtaining single strands of foreign DNA so that the foreign DNA can be sequenced (that is, the order of its nucleotide bases can be determined). It is also used in procedures to create mutations in vitro (in a test tube rather than within an organism). (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage mu | An unassigned species of temperate coliphage, in the family myoviridae, composed of a linear, double-stranded molecule of DNA, which is able to insert itself at random at any point on the host chromosome. It frequently causes a mutation by interrupting the continuity of the bacterial operon at the site of insertion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage omicron x174 | <microbiology> A bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) which has as its genetic material DNA in single strands instead of the usual double strands. The virus is useful to those who study how DNA replicates. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage p1 | An unassigned species of temperate bacteriophage in the family myoviridae which infects e. Coli. It is the largest of the coliphages and consists of double-stranded DNA, terminally redundant, and circularly permuted. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage p2 | An unassigned species of temperate bacteriophage in the family myoviridae which infects e. Coli. It consists of linear double-stranded DNA with 19-base sticky ends. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage p22 | An unassigned species of temperate bacteriophage in the family podoviridae that infects salmonella species. The genome consists of double-stranded DNA, terminally redundant, and circularly permuted. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacteriophage phi 6 | Virulent bacteriophage and sole member of the genus cystovirus that infects pseudomonas species. The virion has a segmented genome consisting of three pieces of doubled-stranded DNA and also contains a unique lipid-containing membrane. (12 Dec 1998) |
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