| anterior scalene muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior tubercles of transverse processes of third to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, scalene tubercle of first rib; action, raises first rib; nerve supply, cervical plexus. Synonym: musculus scalenus anterior, anterior scalene muscle, musculus scalenus anticus. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| tubercle of anterior scalene muscle | <anatomy> Anterior thalamic tubercle, a prominence at the anterior extremity of the thalamus which corresponds to the nuclei anteriores. Synonym: tuberculum anterius thalami, anterior tubercle of thalamus, scalene tubercle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| middle scalene muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, costotransverse lamellae of transverse processes of second to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, first rib posterior to subclavian artery; action, raises first rib; nerve supply, cervical plexus. Synonym: musculus scalenus medius, middle scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior scalene muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, posterior tubercles of transverse processes of fourth to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, lateral surface of second rib; action, elevates second rib; nerve supply, cervical and brachial plexuses. Synonym: musculus scalenus posterior, musculus scalenus posticus, posterior scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scalene | 1. <geometry> Having the sides and angles unequal; said of a triangle. Having the axis inclined to the base, as a cone. 2. <anatomy> Designating several triangular muscles called scalene muscles. Of or pertaining to the scalene muscles. <anatomy> Scalene muscles, a group of muscles, usually three on each side in man, extending from the cervical vertebrae to the first and second ribs. Origin: L. Scalenus, Gr., cf. F. Scalene. <geometry> A triangle having its sides and angles unequal. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| scalene hiatus | Triangular gap bounded by the scalenus anterior and scalenus medius muscles and the first rib to which the muscles attach; the hiatus provides passage for the subclavian artery and the roots of the brachial plexus. Compression of the structures passing through the hiatus by any means is manifest as "thoracic outlet syndrome." Synonym: interscalene triangle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scalene tubercle | A small spine on the inner edge of the first rib, giving attachment to the scalenus anterior muscle. Synonym: tuberculum musculi scaleni anterioris, Lisfranc's tubercle, scalene tubercle of Lisfranc, tubercle of anterior scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scalene tubercle of Lisfranc | A small spine on the inner edge of the first rib, giving attachment to the scalenus anterior muscle. Synonym: tuberculum musculi scaleni anterioris, Lisfranc's tubercle, scalene tubercle of Lisfranc, tubercle of anterior scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| smallest scalene muscle | <anatomy> An occasional independent muscular fasciculus between the scalenus anterior and medius, and having the same action and innervation. Synonym: musculus scalenus minimus, Albinus' muscle, Sibson's muscle, smallest scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior part of anterior commissure of brain | The anterior part of the anterior or rostral commissure of the brain. Synonym: pars anterior commissurae rostralis, pars anterior commissurae anterioris cerebri. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior chamber cleavage syndrome | <syndrome> A congenital disorder originating from faulty separation of embryonic structures; it results in bilateral central corneal opacities, with an anterior ring attachment of the iridic pupillary border and anterior polar cataracts; associated with short-limbed dwarfism; autosomal dominant inheritance. See: iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. Synonym: Peters' anomaly. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior compartment syndrome | <syndrome> Rapid swelling, increased tension, pain, and ischemic necrosis of the muscles of the anterior tibial compartment of the leg, often following excessive exertion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anterior tibial compartment syndrome | <syndrome> Ischemic necrosis of the muscles of the anterior tibial compartment of the leg, presumed due to compression of arteries by swollen muscles following unaccustomed exertion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scalenus anterior syndrome | <syndrome> One of the precursors of disputed neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome; a popular cause for upper extremity discomfort in the late 1930s and 1940s, based on the unproven concept that the lower trunk and brachial plexus and subclavian artery could be compressed in the intrascalene triangle by hypertrophic scalenus anticus muscle, the compression in turn affecting the nerves to it and setting up a vicious circle; this concept was essentially abandoned in the 1950s, when real causes, such as cervical radiculopathy and carpal tunnel syndrome, for upper extremity symptoms were appreciated, but resurrected in the 1980s, without attribution, as aetiology for upper plexus type of disputed neurologic thoracic outlet syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Frenkel's anterior ocular traumatic syndrome | <syndrome> An obsolete term for traumatic iridoplegia, which consists of mydriasis, hyphema, small iris tears near the pupil, discrete punctate opacities of the lens, and occasionally iridodialysis. (05 Mar 2000) |