| acetyl-coenzyme A | <enzyme> Condensation product of coenzyme A and acetic acid, symbolised as CoAS~COCH3; intermediate in transfer of two-carbon fragment, notably in its entrance into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in fatty acid synthesis. This coenzyme plays a huge role in intermediary metabolism, in which cells synthesise, break down or use nutrient molecules for energy production, growth, etc. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthase is found in bacteria and plants and catalyses the reaction in which acetate enters metabolic pathways and forms acetyl-coenzyme A. Synonym: acetyl-coenzyme A, active acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| acetyl-coenzyme A-deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the final step in vindoline biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus Registry number: EC 2.3.1.107 Synonym: acadv-acetyltransferase, acetylcoenzyme a-deacetylvindoline-17-o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-coenzyme A-salutaridinol-7-O-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the transfer of acetyl from acetyl coenzyme a to the 7-oh group of salutaridinol which yields salutaridinol-7-o-acetate, an intermediate in morphine biosynthesis; from papaver somniferum plant cell cultures Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acetyl CoA-salutaridinol-7-o-acetyltransferase, salutaridinol-7-o-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl | <biochemistry, chemistry> This is the radical of acetic acid, it contains a carbonyl and a methyl group that is single-bonded to the carbon, an oxygen is single-bonded to the carbon, and the carbon has two other bonds to the rest of the molecule. (09 Oct 1997) |
| acetyl-activating enzyme | A ligase that catalyses the reaction of acetate and CoA and ATP to form AMP, pyrophosphate, and acetyl-CoA. A key step in the activation of acetate. Synonym: acetate thiokinase, acetate-CoA ligase, acetyl-activating enzyme, acetyl-CoA synthetase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl chloride | CH3COCl;a colourless liquid used as a reagent; also corrosive, causing severe burns because of hydrolysis to HCl. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-CoA | <enzyme> Condensation product of coenzyme A and acetic acid, symbolised as CoAS~COCH3; intermediate in transfer of two-carbon fragment, notably in its entrance into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in fatty acid synthesis. This coenzyme plays a huge role in intermediary metabolism, in which cells synthesise, break down or use nutrient molecules for energy production, growth, etc. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthase is found in bacteria and plants and catalyses the reaction in which acetate enters metabolic pathways and forms acetyl-coenzyme A. Synonym: acetyl-coenzyme A, active acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-CoA-1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Transfers acetate from acetyl CoA to the sn-2-position of 1-alkyl-2-lyso-glycerophosphocholine, forming the substrate for 1-alkylglycerophosphocholine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.67) Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acopc acetyltransferase, 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-acetyl CoA acetyltransferase, alkyllyso-gp-acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, acetyl-coenzyme a-1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase | An acetyltransferase forming acetoacetyl-CoA from two molecules of acetyl-CoA, releasing one CoA. A key step in ketogenesis and sterol synthesis. Synonym: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, acetyl-CoA thiolase, thiolase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-CoA acylase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the hydrolysis of acetyl-CoA to yield CoA and acetate. The enzyme is involved in the oxidation of fatty acids. Chemical name: Acetyl-CoA hydrolase Registry number: EC 3.1.2.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetyl-CoA acyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the thioclastic cleavage by coenzyme A of beta-ketoacyl-CoA, forming an acyl-CoA with a carbon chain shorter by two atoms, the missing two atoms appearing as acetyl-CoA. A step in fatty acid degradation. See: acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase. Synonym: 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, beta-ketothiolase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl-CoA:alpha-glucosaminide acetyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme involved in the synthesis of certain carbohydrate moieties on proteins. A deficiency of this enzyme leads to mucopolysaccharidosis type III C. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetyl CoA-(beta-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine omega-N-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> Forms s-(beta-n-acetyl-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: acoac-acetyltransferase, acetyl coenzyme a-(beta-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine omega-n-acetyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl-CoA c-acetyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible formation of acetoacetyl-CoA from two molecules of acetyl-CoA. Chemical name: Acetyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.1.9 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetyl-CoA c-acyltransferase | <enzyme> Enzyme that catalyses the final step of fatty acid oxidation in which acetyl-CoA is released and the CoA ester of a fatty acid two carbons shorter is formed. Chemical name: Acyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.1.16 (12 Dec 1998) |