| 영문 | trisomy | 한글 | 세염색체증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 이배수성 세포에 한 형의 제3염색체가 존재하는 것(2n+1). 즉, 상동염색체쌍 외에 한 개의 염색체를 여분으로 갖는 개체 또는 세포. 삼염색체라고도 한다. 여분으로 포함된 염색체가 상동염색체쌍 중 어느 한 염색체와 상동성이 있는 경우를 말한다. 상동성이 없을 때는 과잉염색체라고 한다. 추가되는 염색체는 상동염색체의 수만큼 가능하며, 1상동염색체가 세염색체로 되는 것 외에 복수의 염색체쌍이 세염색체로 되는 경우도 있다. 세염색체가 존재하면 감수분열에서는 특이한 3가염색체가 형성되고, 유전양식도 정상적인 2가염색체의 경우와 달리 3염색체성이 된다. 사람의 다운증후군은 제21의 세염색체에 원인이 있는 유전장애이다. |
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| AI | accidental injury; accidentally incurred; adiposity index; aggregation index; allergy and immunology... |
|---|---|
| AII | acute intestinal infection; second meiotic anaphase |
| M-I | first meiotic metaphase |
| M-II | second meiotic metaphase |
| MI | first meiotic metaphase; maturation index; medical illustrator; medical informatics; medical inspect... |
| Ts16 | Trisomy 16 |
|---|---|
| Ts19 | Trisomy 19 |
| T21 | Trisomy 21 |
| meiotic nondisjunction | Failure of two memberrs of a chromosome pair to separate (disjoin) during meiosis so that both go to one daughter cell and none to the other. This mechanism is responsible for the extra chromosome 21 in trisomy 21 (down syndrome) and for extra and missing chromosomes causing other birth defects and many spontaneous abortions (miscarriages). (12 Dec 1998) |
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| mitotic nondisjunction | Failure of the two members of a chromosome pair to separate (disjoin) during mitosis so that both go to one daughter cell and none to the other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| primary nondisjunction | Nondisjunction occurring in a previously normal cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| secondary nondisjunction | Nondisjunction occurring in an aneuploid cell that was the result of a primary nondisjunction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nondisjunction | <genetics, molecular biology> Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate or segregate at meiosis or mitosis respectively. It results in aneuploid cells, where the daughter cell has two chromosomes or two chromatids and the other has none. Nondisjunction of the X chromosome in Drosophila confirmed the theory of chromosomal inheritance. (17 Jul 2002) |
| meiotic | Pertaining to meiosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| meiotic division | A specialised form of nuclear division in which there two successive nuclear divisions (meiosis I and II) without any chromosome replication between them. Each division can be divided into 4 phases similar to those of mitosis pro, meta, ana and telophase). Meiosis reduces the starting number of 4n chromosomes in the parent cell to n in each of the 4 daughter cells. Each cell receives only one of each homologous chromosome pair, with the maternal and paternal chromosomes being distributed randomly between the cells. This is vital for the segregation of genes. During the prophase of meiosis I (classically divided into stages: Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene and Diakinesis), homologous chromosomes pair to form bivalents, thus allowing crossing over, the physical exchange of chromatid segments. This results in the recombination of genes. Meiosis occurs during the formation of gametes in animals, which are thus haploid and fertilization gives a diploid egg. In plants meiosis leads to the formation of the spore by the sporophyte generation. (18 Nov 1997) |
| meiotic drive | Differential fitness in males and females. (05 Mar 2000) |
| meiotic phase | The stage of nuclear changes in the sexual cells during which reduction of the chromosomes takes place; it embraces the cell generations of the spermatocytes and oocytes. Synonym: reduction phase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| meiotic spindle | The meiotic equivalent of the mitotic spindle. (18 Nov 1997) |
| second meiotic division | The second of two consecutive divisions of the nucleus of an eukaryotic cell during the process of meiosis. It includes the following stages of meiosis: prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II. (09 Oct 1997) |
| first meiotic division | The first of two consecutive divisions of the nucleus of an eukaryotic cell during the process of meiosis. It includes the following stages of meiosis: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I. (09 Oct 1997) |
| syndrome, trisomy 13 | Condition with three rather than the normal two chromosomes 13. Children born with this syndrome have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to the extra chromosome 13. The congenital malformations (birth defects) commonly include scalp defects, more than haemangiomas more than (blood vessel malformations) of the face and nape of the neck, cleft lip more than and palate, malformations of the heart and abdominal organs, and flexed fingers with extra digits. The mental retardation is profound. The iq is untestably low. The majority of trisomy 13 babies die soon after birth or in infancy. The condition is also called patau syndrome after the late geneticist klaus patau more than (at the university of wisconsin) who discovered the extra chromosome in 1960. (12 Dec 1998) |
| syndrome, trisomy 18 | There are three instead of the normal two chromosomes 18. Children with this condition have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to the extra chromosome 18. The children characteristically have low birth weight, small head (microcephaly), small jaw (micrognathia), malformations of the heart and kidneys, clenched fists with abnormal finger positioning, and malformed feet. The mental retardation is profound with the iq too low to edven test. Nineteen out of 20 (95%) of these children die before their first birthday. The condition is also called edwards syndrome in honor of the british physician and geneticist john edwards who discovered the extra chromosome in 1960. (12 Dec 1998) |
| syndrome, trisomy 21 | A common chromosome disorder due to an extra chromosome number 21 (trisomy 21). The syndrome causes mental retardation, a characteristic face, and multiple malformations. It is associated with a major risk for heart problems, a lesser risk of duodenal atresia (part of the intestines not developed), and a minor but still significant risk of acute leukaemia. Trisome 21 syndr0ome is also commonly called down syndrome after the 19th century english doctor langdon down who was curiously enough not the first person to describe the condition, added little to knowledge and, in great error, attributed the condition to a reversion to the mongoloid race. The disorder was also once called mongolism, a term now considered slang. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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