| T | Commonly used abbreviation for temperature. For example, in a medical chart, you might see scrawled bp90/60 t98.6 hr60/reg r15 , which is short hand signifying that the blood pressure is 90/60 mm hg, the temperature (t) is 98.6 degrees fahrenheit, the heart rate (hr) is 60/min and regular, and the respirations (r) 15/min. (this example would be entirely normal for an adult or older child). (12 Dec 1998) |
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| T agglutinogen | An agglutinogen formed from a latent receptor on human red cells by the action of an enzyme in cultures of certain bacteria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T antigen | <molecular biology> Proteins coded by viral genes that are expressed early in the replication cycle of papovaviruses such as SV40 and polyoma. Essential for normal viral replication, they are also expressed in nonpermissive cells transformed by these viruses. Originally detected as Tumour antigens by immunofluorescence with antisera from tumour bearing animals. SV40 has two, large T and small t, polyoma has three, large, middle and small. Appear to be collectively responsible for transformation by these viruses. (14 Oct 1997) |
| T antigens | Tumour antigens associated wtih replication and transformation by certain DNA tumour viruses, including adenoviruses and papovaviruses. See: beta-haemolytic streptococci, tumour antigens. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T cytotoxic cells | Lymphocyte-like effector cells which mediate antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. They kill antibody-coated target cells which they bind with their fc receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| t distribution | The distribution of the quotient of independent random variables, the numerator of which is a standardised normal variate and the denominator the positive square root of the quotient of a chi-square distributed variate and its number of degrees of freedom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T enzyme | 1,4-alpha-d-glucan 6-alpha-d-glucosyltransferase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T even phage | <microbiology> A group of dsDNA bacteriophages of enterobacteria including T2, T4, T6 as opposed to T odd phage (T1, 3, 5 and 7) (18 Nov 1997) |
| T fibre | A fibre that branches at right angles to the right and left; term used to describe the branching patterns of granular cell axons in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T group | <abbreviation> Training group. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T helper cell | <haematology, immunology> Sets of T lymphocytes that specifically are involved in the differentiation of B lymphocytes into antibody secreting cells. Loss of T helper cells, as in HIV infection, leads to immunosuppression. There is also T-cell help of T-cell function. TH1 and TH2 are now recognised, TH1 helping with cellular, TH2 with humoural immunity. (16 Dec 1997) |
| T helper cells | A subset of lymphocytes that secrete various cytokines that regulate the immune response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| T loop of RNA | <molecular biology> The T loop of tRNA is the region of the molecule that is responsible for ribosome recognition. (16 Dec 1997) |
| T lymphocyte | <haematology, immunology> A class of lymphocytes, so called because they are derived from the thymus and have been through thymic processing. Involved primarily in controlling cell-mediated immune reactions and in the control of B-cell development, aiding B lymphocytes in making antibodies, and helping in the recognition and rejection of foreign tissues. T lymphocytes are also important in the bodys defense against cancer. They bear T-cell antigen receptors (CD3) and lack Fc or C3b receptors. Major T-cell subsets are CD4 (mainly helper cells) and CD8 (mostly cytotoxic or suppressor T-cells). Uncontrolled proliferation of this type of cell gives rise to T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. (13 Nov 1997) |
| T myelotomy | Midline myelotomy with lateral cuts into the anterior horns. (05 Mar 2000) |