| streptococcus pneumoniae | A gram-positive organism found in the upper respiratory tract, inflammatory exudates, and various body fluids of normal and/or diseased humans and, rarely, domestic animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| chlamydia pneumoniae | A species of gram-negative bacteria that causes acute respiratory infection, especially atypical pneumonia. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| mycoplasma pneumoniae | A small atypical form of bacteria, intermediate in size between typical bacteria and viruses. Thought to play a significant role in pneumonia and bronchitis. Mycoplasmal respiratory infections are common in children and young adults. Common symptoms include malaise, fever, chills and a dry hacking cough. (27 Sep 1997) |
| klebsiella pneumoniae | Gram-negative, non-motile, capsulated, gas-producing rods found widely in nature and associated with urinary and respiratory infections in man. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae ozaenae | A species which occurs in cases of ozena and other chronic diseases of the respiratory tract. Synonym: Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. Ozaenae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus | <bacteria, organism> A genus of bacteria that are gram-positive cocci, often occurring in chains of varying length. Some pathogenic species produce exotoxins. In man, streptococcal species are responsible for numerous infections such as scarlet fever, tonsillitis, erysipelas (skin infection), endocarditis, rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis, impetigo, pneumonia, meningitis, pharyngitis, lymphadenitis and wound infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main culprit in lobar and bronchopneumonia. Streptococci have anti-phagocytic components (hyaluronic acid rich capsule and M protein) and release various toxins streptolysins O and s, erythrogenic toxin) and enzymes streptokinase, streptodornase, hyaluronidase and proteinase. Haemolytic streptococci (viridans streptococci) produce limited haemolysis on blood agar, include Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Beta haemolytic streptococci, of which Streptococcus pyogenes is the only species, though there are many serotypes, produce a broad zone of almost complete haemolysis on blood agar as a result of streptolysin O and S release. Alpha streptococci are nonhaemolytic (e.g. Streptococcus faecalis). (30 Sep 1997) |
| Streptococcus acidominimus | A species found in the bovine vagina and on the skin of calves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| streptococcus agalactiae | A bacterium which causes mastitis in cattle and occasionally in man. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Streptococcus anginosus | A species found in the human throat, sinuses, abscesses, vagina, skin, and faeces; this organism has been associated with glomerular nephritis and various types of mild respiratory diseases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| streptococcus bovis | A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly found in the alimentary tract of cows, sheep, and other ruminants. It occasionally is encountered in cases of human endocarditis. This species is nonhemolytic. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Streptococcus constellatus | A species found in tonsils, purulent pleurisy, appendix, the nose, throat, and gums, and infrequently on the skin and in the vagina. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus durans | A species found in dried milk powder and in the intestines of humans and other animals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus dysgalactiae | A species causing acute mastitis in cattle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| streptococcus equi | A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from abscesses in submaxillary glands and mucopurulent discharges of the upper respiratory tract of horses. This organism belongs to group c streptococci with regards to antigen response and is known to cause strangles. The subspecies s. Zooepidemicus is also considered a pathogen of horses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Streptococcus equinus | A species that is the predominant organism in the intestines of horses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus | A species causing mastitis in cattle. (05 Mar 2000) |