| 영문 | TNM staging system | 한글 | 종양병기분류계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 종양의 병기(stage)를 결정하는 한 방법. T는 Tumor(종양)를 뜻하며 원발병터의 크기, 주위조직으로의 침윤정도 등에 따라 T1, T2, T3, T4(숫자가 높을 수록 주위로 침윤이 많다) 등으로 나눈다. N은 Node(림프절)를 뜻하며 침범된 림프절의 갯수, 크기, 위치 등에 따라 N1, N2, N3 등으로 나눈다. M은 Metastasis(전이)를 뜻하며 원격전이의 유무에 따라 M0, M1 등으로 나눈다. 이상의 방법으로 T, N, M이 결정되면 이들을 조합하여 최종적인 병기를 결정한다. 이렇게 결정된 병기는 치료 방침 결정과 예후 판단에 매우 중요하다. |
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| 영문 | staging of tumors | 한글 | 종양의 병기 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 병기는 종양의 파급정도 및 위험성을 일정한 기준에 의해 표시하는 방법으로서 임상적, 외과적, 병리학적인 방법에 의해 실시하여 평가한다. 병기의 구체적 목적은 치료의 계획을 세우는데 도움이 되고, 예후에 대한 지침을 제시하는 데 있다. 또한, 치료의 결과를 평가하는데 도움이 되어서, 치료후 서로 정보교환을 용이하게 하여 보다 나은 치료계획수립에 중요하다. 1)해부학적 병기(anatomic stage): 일반적으로 TMN분류를 사용한다. 질병의 침범 범위를 세 부분으로 표시함. T항목: 종양의 일차성 침범 범위를 표시하며 흔히 종양의 크기, 침범의 깊이, 표면 전파 등의 세 가지 형태에 기초를 둠. N항목: 종양의 이차성 또는 림프절 침범 범위를 표시하며 림프절의 크기, 경도, 숫자 등에 기초를 둠. M항목: 종양의 전이, 즉 혈관성 침범 범위를 표시하며 일반적으로 중요한 것은 전이의 정도가 아니라 전이의 유무임. 2) 조직학적 분류: 현미경적 소견에 의해 암세포의 악성 정도를 표시하며 특히 연조직육종의 예후에 중요함. 또 난소, 고환 종양 등은 병리조직학적 분류에 따라 치료방법이 다르며 호지킨병과 비호지킨림프종의 구분에도 중요함. |
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| TNM staging System | standard Tumor, NOde & Metastasis staging system |
|---|---|
| LSTL | laparoscopic tubal ligation |
| TLH | Total laparoscopic hysterectomy |
| HALDN | Hand-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy, 신이식용 복강경하 신장 적출술 |
| LRN | Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, 복강경하 근치적 신장절제술 |
| INSS | International Neuroblastoma Staging System |
|---|---|
| HALS | Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery |
| LASGB | Laparoscopic Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding |
| LAVH | Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy |
| LNF | Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication |
| avascular necrosis staging | <radiology> Stage CT/X-ray bone scan I - cold/hot spot II sclerotic focus with osteopenic ring III crescent sign (subchondral lucency) IV articular collapse flattening of femoral head sensitivity 86% 78% specificity 79% 75% see also: avascular necrosis (AVN) (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| malignant melanoma: staging | <radiology> Clark staging: level I: all tumour cells above basement membrane (in situ), level II: tumour extends to papillary dermis, level III: tumour extends to interface between papillary and reticular dermis, level IV: tumour extends between bundles of collagen of reticular dermis, level V: tumour invasion of sucutaneous tissue (87% metastases) Breslow staging: thin: less than 0.75 mm depth of invasion, intermediate: 0.76 - 3.99 mm depth of invasion, thick: greater than 4 mm depth of invasion see: malignant melanoma (12 Dec 1998) |
| renal adenocarcinoma: staging | <radiology> Typical presentation: Haematuria . . . . . 70% Fever . . . . . . . 16% Pain . . . . . . . . 50% Polycythemia . . . . 3% Palpable mass . . . 20% Anatomic staging (TNM): T1 Small tumour, kidney not enlarged T2 Large tumour, contained within renal capsule T3 Extension into perinephric fat or renal vein T4 Invasion of adjacent organs (12 Dec 1998) |
| staging | Staging of breast cancer is based on the TNM Classification which classifies the size, site and spread of the disease.Therapeutic decisions are formulated in part according to staging (they are formulated primarily according to lymph node status and ER and PR receptor levels in the tumourous tissue, refer definition of ER and PR in this dictionary). The numbers I, II, III and IV are used to denote the stages and each number refers to a possible combination of TNM factors. For example: a Stage I breast cancer is defined by the TMN group: T1, N0, M0 which mean:T1 - Tumour is 2cm or less in diameter, N0 - No regional lymph node metastasis, M0 - No distant metastasis. A complete outline of TMN and Staging is available from PDQ, for which refer to the resource centre's listing of information services. (16 Dec 1997) |
| neoplasm staging | Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient. (12 Dec 1998) |
| TNM staging | A system of clinicopathologic evaluation of tumours based on the extent of tumour involvement at the primary site (T, followed by a number indicating size and depth of invasion), and lymph node involvement (N) and metastasis (M) each followed by a number starting at 0 for no evident metastasis; numbers used depend on the organ involved and influence the prognosis and choice of treatment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Jewett and Strong staging | Staging of bladder carcinoma: O, noninvasive; A, with submucosal invasion; B, with muscle invasion; C, with invasion of perivascular fat; D, with lymph node metastasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cholecystectomy, laparoscopic | Excision of the gallbladder through an abdominal incision using a laparoscope. (12 Dec 1998) |
| surgical procedures, laparoscopic | Surgery performed with the use of a laparoscope. (12 Dec 1998) |
| laparoscopic | Performed using a laparoscope, a thin fibre-optic scope introduced into a body cavity for diagnostic and surgical purposes. (27 Sep 1997) |
| laparoscopic cannula | hasson cannula |
| laparoscopic cholangiogram | <investigation> Laparoscopy involves the use of a fibreoptic flexible scope that is introduced into the abdominal cavity through a small (1 inch) incision. Using a special TV camera attached to the laparoscope, the physician can view the procedure on a monitor (as he works). Small adjacent incisions allow for the introduction of special surgical instruments. In the laparoscopic cholangiogram, a small flexible catheter is placed into the common bile duct. A radiopaque contrast material is then injected. Conventional X-rays of the abdomen (taken immediately) will highlight the course of the common bile duct. Any obstruction of the duct (by gall stones or tumour) can be demonstrated using this test. (27 Sep 1997) |
| laparoscopic cholecystectomy | <procedure, surgery> Surgery to remove a diseased gallbladder through a laparoscope. A fibreoptic scope is inserted through a small incision by the navel. Instruments are inserted through two more smaller incisions. The gallbladder is localised and removed through the laparoscope. The patient is usually home within 24 hours after surgery. Symptoms are improved in over 90% of patients. (27 Sep 1997) |
| laparoscopic knot | A knot placed intracorporally through a laparoscopic instrument. The knot itself may be tied extracorporally and passed into the body through a cannula or the knot may be both placed and tied intracorporally. (05 Mar 2000) |
| laparoscopic surgery | Operative procedure performed using minimally invasive surgical technique for exposure that avoids traditional incision. Visualization is achieved using a fibre optic instrument, usually attached to a video camera. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|