| acromioclavicular sprain | <orthopaedics> A shoulder injury where the ligaments which stabilise the articulation of the acromion process and the clavicle become torn (sprain). A classic lump deformity is noted on the top contour of the shoulder in more serious sprains. Acromioclavicular separations occur most often after a direct fall onto the shoulder. Severe sprains may result in acromioclavicular dislocation. (15 Jan 1998) |
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| sprain | A tearing injury to ligaments. Sprains can be minor, with only a slight stress to the ligament or may be severe with total separation of a ligament that supports a joint. Sprain (knee joint): Any injury to one of six different ligaments which stabilise the knee joint. Those ligaments include: medial and lateral collaterals, medial and lateral meniscus and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. Knee sprains are characterised by knee pain, swelling and tenderness with range of motion. Severe sprains may result in a knee joint effusion (blood inside the joint). Completely torn ligaments may require surgical repair to reestablish knee joint stability. (27 Sep 1997) |
| sprain fracture | An avulsion fracture in which a small portion of adjacent bone has been pulled or pushed off. (05 Mar 2000) |
| knee sprain | <orthopaedics> Any injury to one of six different ligaments which stabilise the knee joint. Those ligaments include: medial and lateral collaterals, medial and lateral meniscus and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. Knee sprains are characterised by knee pain, swelling and tenderness with range of motion. Severe sprains may result in a knee joint effusion (blood inside the joint). Completely torn ligaments may require surgical repair to reestablish knee joint stability. (17 Dec 1997) |
| arthroplasty, replacement, hip | Replacement of the hip joint. (12 Dec 1998) |
| brucella strain 19 vaccine | A live bacterial vaccine prepared from an attenuated variant strain of Brucella abortus (strain 19); used for vaccinating cattle against brucellosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bursitis, hip | A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between moving tissues of the body. There are two major bursae of the hip. Bursitis is usually not infectious, but the bursa can become infected. Treatment of non-infectious bursitis includes rest, ice, and medications for inflammation and pain. Infectious bursitis is treated with antibiotics, aspiration, and surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| recombinant strain | <molecular biology> A cell or an individual with a new combination of genes not found together in either parent, usually applied to linked genes. (18 Nov 1997) |
| carrier strain | A bacterial strain that is contaminated with a bacteriophage of low infectivity. Synonym: pseudolysogenic strain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cell strain | <cell culture> Cells adapted to culture, but with finite division potential. See: cell line. (26 Mar 1998) |
| voice strain | The development of hoarse voice secondary to overuse. (27 Sep 1997) |
| retinaculum of articular capsule of hip | One of several longitudinal folds of the articular capsule of the hip joint reflected onto the femoral neck deep to which the retinacular branches of the medial femoral circumflex artery pass to reach the femoral head. Synonym: retinaculum capsulae articularis coxae, Weitbrecht's fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Charnley hip arthroplasty | A form of total hip replacement consisting of the application of an acetabular cup and a femoral head prosthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rough strain | <microbiology> Bacterial strains that have altered outer cell wall carbohydrate chains causing colonies on agar to change their appearance from smooth to dull. In Streptococci the smooth strains are virulent whereas the rough strains are not. This is partly because the rough strains are much more readily phagocytosed. (17 Dec 1997) |
| wild strain | <virology> A viral strain found naturally, as opposed to one created in the laboratory. (09 Oct 1997) |