| ¿µ¹® | amino acids | ÇÑ±Û | ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¾Æ¹Ì³ë±â(£NH3)¿Í Ä«¸£º¹½Ç±â(£COOH)¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç À¯±â¹°Áú. ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ÀÌ·ç´Â ±âº»´ÜÀ§°¡ µÈ´Ù. Áï ´Ü¹éÁúÀº ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀÌ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î¼ ÀÌ·ç´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÎü¿¡¼´Â ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀÌ ´Ü¹éÁúÀÇ ±âº»´ÜÀ§°¡ µÇ´Â °Í¿Ü¿¡ ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿Í ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ¼·Î ¿¬¶ôÀ» ÁÖ°í ¹Þ´Âµ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú·Î¼ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒµµ ÇÑ´Ù. »ç¶÷ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁúÀº 20°¡ÁöÀÇ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. Áï »ç¶÷¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ÇÕ¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥´Â 20°¡ÁöÀÇ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡¼ 11°¡Áö´Â ÀÎü³»¿¡¼ Á÷Á¢ ÇÕ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ³ª¸ÓÁö 9°¡Áö´Â ÇÕ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°í ¹Ýµå½Ã À½½Ä¹°¿¡¼ ¼·ÃëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀ» Çʼö¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | ÇÑ±Û | µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇÙ»êÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î DNA¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. DeoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ÁßÇÕüÀ̸ç À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. RNA¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¹°Àº DNA¸¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ·Î Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine)¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ deoxy- ribonucleotideÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ »ç½½ µÎ °³´Â °¢°¢ deoxyribonucleotide¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿°±âµéÀÌ °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ °³ÀÇ »ç½½ÀÌ °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù. 4°¡Áö ¿°±â ¾Æµ¥´ÑÀº Ƽ¹Î°ú °áÇÕÀ» Çϰí, ½ÃÅä½Å°ú °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀº ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µå´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ±ä »ç½½¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ ¿°±âµéÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä »ç½½Àº ¼·Î ºÙ¾î¼ ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â ¿°±â¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. 4°³ÀÇ ¿°±âÀÇ Á¶ÇÕ°ú ¹è¿ÀÌ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸°üÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÏÈ£ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | retinoic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ·¹Æ¼³ë»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | C20H28O2. ºñŸ¹Î AÀÇ ¾ËÄڿñ⸦ ¾Ëµ¥È÷µå·Î »êÈÇÑ ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã Ä«¸£º¹½Ç»êÀ¸·Î »êÈÇÏ¿© ¾òÀº »ê. ¹ß»ýÁßÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇüŸ¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | ribonucleic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ribonucleotide monomer·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇÙ»êÀ¸·Î ¿°±â, ´ç, ÀλêÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ¿°±â´Â adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracilÀÇ 4Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´çÀº 5ź´çÀÌ´Ù. RNA´Â DNA¸¦ ÁÖÇüÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇÕ, Çü¼ºµÇ¸ç ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Àü·É RNA(mRNA)´Â ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÇ´Â DNAÀÇ ¼¿À» »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Å°Ü ¹Þ¾Æ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â Àü·É±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â RNA. ¸®º¸¼Ø RNA(rRNA) ¸®º¸¼ØÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â 4°¡Áö RNA»ç½½(28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S·Î ±¸¼º). Àü´Þ RNA(tRNA) ƯÁ¤ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ» ÇÑÂÊ ³¡¿¡ Áö´Ï°í »óº¸Àû ¼¿ÀÇ mRNA¿Í ÀϽÃÀû °áÇÕÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â RNAÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | acid | ÇÑ±Û | »ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹°¿¡ ³ì¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ¿© ¼ö¼Ò ÀÌ¿ÂÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹°Áú. ½Å¸ÀÀÌ ³ª°í û»ö ¸®Æ®¸Ó½º Á¾À̸¦ ºÓ°Ô º¯È½ÃŰ¸ç ¿°±â¿ÍÀÇ ÁßÈ ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹°°ú ¿°À» ¸¸µé°í ÀÌ¿ÂÈ ¿¿¡¼ ¼ö¼Òº¸´Ù ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±Ý¼Ó°ú ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ¿°À» ¸¸µé¸é¼ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ ¹ß»ý½ÃŲ´Ù. ¼ö¼Ò ¿øÀÚ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ´Â ÈûÀÇ °¾à¿¡ µû¶ó °»ê°ú ¾à»êÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù. |
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| EAA | electroacupuncture analgesia; Epilepsy Association of America; essential amino acid; excitatory amin... |
|---|---|
| AA | abdominal aorta; acetic acid; achievement age; active alcoholic; active assistive [range of motion];... |
| AAN | AIDS-associated nephropathy; alpha-amino nitrogen; American Academy of Neurology; American Academy o... |
| NAA | N-acetyl aspartate; naphthaleneacetic acid; neutral amino acid; neutron activation analysis; neutrop... |
| TPA | tannic acid, polyphosphomolybdic acid, and amino acid; 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate; third-... |
| CAPS | Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences |
|---|---|
| FAMIS | Factor Analysis of Medical Image Sequences |
| ISS | Immunostimulatory DNA sequences |
| MLS | Maximum Length Sequences |
| RSS | Recombination signal sequences |
para-amino salicylic acid
| repetitive sequences, nucleic acid | Nucleotide sequences present in multiple copies in the genome. They include direct, inverted, tandem, and terminal repeat sequences and the alu family repeat (named for the restriction endonuclease cleavage enzyme alu I). (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| regulatory sequences, nucleic acid | DNA sequences involved in regulating the expression of other genes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| repetitive | Containing repetition, repetitions. (18 Nov 1997) |
| repetitive DNA | <molecular biology> Nucleotide sequences in DNA that are present in the genome as numerous copies. Originally identified by the C0t_ value derived from kinetic studies of DNA renaturation. These sequences are not thought to code for polypeptides. One class of repetitive DNA, termed highly repetitive DNA, is found as short sequences, 5-100 nucleotides, repeated thousands of times in a single long stretch. It typically comprises 3-10% of the genomic DNA and is predominantly satellite DNA. Another class, which comprises 25-40% of the DNA and termed moderately repetitive DNA, usually consists of sequences about 150 to 300 nucleotides in length dispersed evenly throughout the genome and includes Alu sequences and transposons. (18 Nov 1997) |
| highly repetitive DNA | <molecular biology> The fraction of the eukaryotic genome which consists of a short sequence of nucleotides that is repeated thousands of times all over the genome. Highly repetitive DNA is very similar to satellite DNA. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA, repetitive | DNA sequences that are repeated in the genome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Alu sequences | In the human genome a repeated, relatively conserved sequence of about 300 bp that often contains a cleavage site for the restriction enzyme AluI near the centre; about 1 million copies in the human genome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| regulatory regions or sequences | A DNA base sequence that controls gene expression. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chi-sequences | A specific DNA sequence in bacterial genomes that allows for extensive genetic recombination. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tandem repeat sequences | Multiple copies of the same DNA base sequence on a chromosome; used as a marker in physical mapping of the chromosome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| leader sequences | Sequences at the end of either nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or proteins that must be processed off to allow for a specific function of the mature molecule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| long terminal repeat sequences | Regions of the RNA genome associated with regulation, integration, and expression of retroviruses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acidic amino acid | An Amino acid with a second acid moiety, e.g., glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cysteic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| activated amino acid | The product formed by the condensation of the acyl radical of an amino acid and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (originally in the form of adenosine 5'-triphosphate, with elimination of a pyrophosphoric group). Formed in the first step of protein biosynthesis. Synonym: activated amino acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid | <chemical> Alpha-amino-2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-oxo-4-isoxazolepropanoic acid. An ibotenic acid homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the ampa subtype of glutamate receptors (receptors, ampa). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies. Pharmacological action: excitatory amino acid agonists. Chemical name: 4-Isoxazolepropanoic acid, alpha-amino-2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-oxo- (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Amino Acid Repetitive Seq
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