| 영문 | whole blood | 한글 | 전혈, 온혈액 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액의 모든 성분이 하나도 제거되지 않은 온전한 혈액. 전혈은 엄격한 무균조건하에서, 선별한 공혈자로부터 채취한 것이며, 구연산 이온이나 헤파린 같은 항응공제로 응고를 방지하여 혈액보충 목적으로 사용한다. |
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| 영문 | food poisoning | 한글 | 식중독 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유해물질에 오염된 음식물을 먹음으로써 일어나는 일군의 급성질환이며, 주로 발열-구역질-구토-설사-복통 등의 증세가 나타난다. 입을 통한 전염병이나 기생충병 등은 여기에 포함되지 않는다. 식중독을 원인물질에 따라 분류하면 세균성 식중독, 화학성 식중독, 자연독 식중독, 미생물 독성대사물질에 의한 식중독으로 구분할 수 있다. 각 부류에 속하는 독성물질은 그 종류가 매우 많으며, 독성물질은 당장 건강을 해칠만한 양이 아니라 하더라도 많은 식품 중에 널리 분포되어 있어서 만성중독-발암성-돌연변이 유발성-기형유발성-알레르기성 반응을 일으키는 원인이 될 수도 있다. 식중독의 대부분은 세균에 의하여 생기는 세균성 식중독으로서, 여기에는 살모넬라-장비브리오-웰치균-병원대장균에 의한 감염형 식중독과 포도알균, 보톨리누스균이 생성한 독소에 의한 독소형 식중독이 있다. 감염형 식중독은 살아 있는 유해세균을 다량으로 먹음으로써 일어나는 것이므로 식품을 가열해서 먹으면 세균은 사멸해 버리기 때문에 중독되는 일이 없다. 그러나 독소형 식중독은 세균은 죽어도 독소는 그대로 남아 있으므로 음식물을 가열해도 남은 독소가 중독을 일으키는 경우이다. 화학성 식중독은 화학물질에 의한 것으로서 근래에 들어와 화학공업의 발달로 화학적 합성품의 대량생산이 가능해지고 이들이 식품공업이나 농업분야에 다량으로 사용되면서 심각한 문제로 등장하였다. 특히 식품가공과정 중에 사용한 불법식품첨가물, 잔류농약-산업폐수에 의한 식품의 중금속오염, 또는 식품과 관련이 있는 각종 용기-기구-포장 등에서 용출되는 독성물질이 문제가 된다. |
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| 영문 | food | 한글 | 식품, 음식 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 몸안에 들어가서 영양분으로 되거나 몸조직을 형성하거나 에너지를 공급하는 물질. 2. 식품. 사람이 일상적으로 섭취하는 음식물을 통틀어 이르는 말. 3. 음식. 사람이 먹을 수 있도록 만든, 밥이나 국 따위의 물건. |
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| 영문 | staphylococcal food poisoning | 한글 | 포도알균 식중독 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 크림이 들어 있는 과자, 커스타드(custards), 치즈와 같은 식품이나, 육류에 황색 포도알균이 생성하는 창자관독이 함유된 것을 섭취하여 일어나는 식중독으로서 갑작스러운 발병, 두통, 침분비, 구역, 구토, 설사, 복부산통 및 땀남을 특징으로 하며, 발작 후 5~6시간 지속한다. |
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| agit | agitated, agitation; shake [Lat. agita] |
|---|---|
| HP/W | health promotion/wellness [program] |
| FD&C | Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act; food, drugs, and cosmetics |
| WB | waist belt; washable base; washed bladder; water bottle; Wechsler-Bellevue [Scale]; weight-bearing; ... |
| WBH | whole-blood hematocrit; whole-body hyperthermia |
| CSFII | Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals |
|---|---|
| DBPCFC | Double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge |
| F.A. | Food Allergy |
| FDA | Food And Drug Administration |
| FER | Food Efficiency Ratio |
| mitotic shake off method | <cell biology, procedure> A method of collecting cells in mitosis, so that the chromosomes can be examined and the karyotype determined. Many cultured cells round up during mitosis and so become less firmly attached to the culture substratum. Cells in mitosis thus can be removed into suspension by gentle shaking of the culture vessel, leaving the nonmitotic cells still attached. The number of cells that are in mitosis is usually increased by using a drug, such as colcemid that blocks mitosis at metaphase. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| shake | 1. To cause to move with quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to make to tremble or shiver; to agitate. "As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind." (Rev. Vi. 13) "Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels That shake heaven's basis." (Milton) 2. To move from firmness; to weaken the stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution of. "When his doctrines grew too strong to be shook by his enemies, they persecuted his reputation." (Atterbury) "Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love Can by his fraud be shaken or seduced." (Milton) 3. To give a tremulous tone to; to trill; as, to shake a note in music. 4. To move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; generally with an adverb, as off, out, etc.; as, to shake fruit down from a tree. "Shake off the golden slumber of repose." (Shak) "'Tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age." (Shak) "I could scarcely shake him out of my company." (Bunyan) To shake a cask, to luff up in the wind, causing the sails to shiver. Origin: OE. Shaken, schaken, AS. Scacan, sceacan; akin to Icel. & Sw. Skaka, OS. Skakan, to depart, to flee. Cf. Shock. 1. The act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering; agitation. "The great soldier's honor was composed Of thicker stuff, which could endure a shake." (Herbert) "Our salutations were very hearty on both sides, consisting of many kind shakes of the hand." (Addison) 2. A fissure or crack in timber, caused by its being dried too suddenly. 3. A fissure in rock or earth. 4. A rapid alternation of a principal tone with another represented on the next degree of the staff above or below it; a trill. 5. One of the staves of a hogshead or barrel taken apart. 6. A shook of staves and headings. 7. <zoology> The redshank; so called from the nodding of its head while on the ground. No great shakes, of no great importance. The shakes, the fever and ague. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| shake culture | A culture made by inoculating a liquefied gelatin or agar medium, distributing the inoculum thoroughly by agitation, and then allowing the medium to solidify in the tube in an upright position. (05 Mar 2000) |
| shake test | A test for foetal pulmonary maturity, determined by the ability of pulmonary surfactant in amniotic fluid to generate stable foam in the presence of ethanol after mechanical agitation. Synonym: shake test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| whole | 1. Containing the total amount, number, etc.; comprising all the parts; free from deficiency; all; total; entire; as, the whole earth; the whole solar system; the whole army; the whole nation. "On their whole host I flew unarmed." "The whole race of mankind." (Shak) 2. Complete; entire; not defective or imperfect; not broken or fractured; unimpaired; uninjured; integral; as, a whole orange; the egg is whole; the vessel is whole. "My life is yet whole in me." (2 Sam. I. 9) 3. Possessing, or being in a state of, heath and soundness; healthy; sound; well. "[She] findeth there her friends hole and sound." (Chaucer) "They that be whole need not a physician." (Matt. Ix. 12) "When Sir Lancelot's deadly hurt was whole." (Tennyson) Whole blood. The common snipe, as distinguished from the smaller jacksnipe. Synonym: All, total, complete, entire, integral, undivided, uninjured, unimpaired, unbroken, healthy. Whole, Total, Entire, Complete. When we use the word whole, we refer to a thing as made up of parts, none of which are wanting; as, a whole week; a whole year; the whole creation. When we use the word total, we have reference to all as taken together, and forming a single totality; as, the total amount; the total income. When we speak of a thing as entire, we have no reference to parts at all, but regard the thing as an integer, i. E, continuous or unbroken; as, an entire year; entire prosperity. When we speak of a thing as complete, there is reference to some progress which results in a filling out to some end or object, or a perfected state with no deficiency; as, complete success; a complete victory. "All the whole army stood agazed on him." (Shak) "One entire and perfect chrysolite." (Shak) "Lest total darkness should by night regain Her old possession, and extinguish life." (Milton) "So absolute she seems, And in herself complete." (Milton) Origin: OE. Hole, hol, hal, hool, AS. Hal well, sound, healthy; akin to OFries. & OS. Hl, D. Heel, G. Heil, Icel. Heill, Sw. Hel whole, Dan. Heel, Goth. Hails well, sound, OIr. Cl augury. Cf. Hale, Hail to greet, Heal to cure, Health, Holy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| whole-arm fusion | <genetics, molecular biology> A break in the shortest arms of two acrocentric chromosomes followed by the fusion of the long arms into a single chromosome. (13 Nov 1997) |
| whole blood | <haematology> Blood that has not been separated into its various components. (13 Nov 1997) |
| whole blood coagulation time | Measurement of the time required by whole blood to produce a visible clot. Factors that could influence the test are all but III, vii, and xiii. Activation may be by contact with the glass tube or exposure to diatomaceous earth. Delay of onset of coagulation may be achieved by use of nonwettable plastic or silicone-coated glass tubes. It is used for monitoring heparin therapy and as a bedside screening test for deficiencies in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. "activated coagulation time" is sometimes referred to as act. (12 Dec 1998) |
| whole-body counter | Shielding and instrumentation, usually involving more than one detector, designed to evaluate the total-body burden of various gamma-emitting nuclides. (05 Mar 2000) |
| whole-body counting | Measurement of radioactivity in the entire human body. (12 Dec 1998) |
| whole-body irradiation | Irradiation of the whole body with ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. It is applicable to humans or animals but not to microorganisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| whole-body titration curve | A graphic representation of the in vivo changes in hydrogen ion, PaCO2, and bicarbonate which occur in arterial blood in response to primary acid-base disturbances. (05 Mar 2000) |
| whole cell patch | <physiology> A variant of patch clamp technique, in which the patch electrode seals against the cell, with direct communication between the interior of the electrode and the cytoplasm. (18 Nov 1997) |
| whole mount | <procedure> Placing a whole organism or specimen on a slide for microscopic examination. (13 Nov 1997) |
| whole-tree harvesting | A harvesting method in which the whole tree (above the stump) is removed. (05 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|