| poly | 1. <prefix> A combining form or prefix denoting many, multiplicity, as polygon, a figure of many angles; polyatomic, having many atoms; polychord, polyconic. 2. <botany> A whitish woolly plant (Teucrium Polium) of the order Labiatae, found throughout the Mediterranean region. The name, with sundry prefixes, is sometimes given to other related species of the same genus. 3. <chemistry> A prefix meaning polymer of, as in polypeptide, polysaccharide, polynucleotide; often used with symbols, as in poly(A) for poly(adenylic acid), poly(Lys) for poly(l-lysine). Origin: G. Polys, much, many Source: Websters Dictionary (21 Jun 2000) |
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| poly A | <biochemistry, molecular biology> Polynucleotide chain consisting entirely of residues of adenylic acid (i.e. The base sequence is AAAA.AAAA). Polyadenylic chains of various lengths are found at the 3' end of most eukaryotic mRNAs, the poly A tail. (11 Jan 1998) |
| poly A hydrolase | <enzyme> Endoribonuclease and exoribonuclease isolated; specific to poly(a) Registry number: EC 3.1.4.- Synonym: polyadenylase, polyadenylate hydrolase, poly a exonuclease (26 Jun 1999) |
| poly A specific exoribonuclease | <enzyme> Acts on 2' or 3'-linked oligoriboadenylates to liberate 5'-AMP Registry number: EC 3.1.13.- Synonym: 2',3'-exoribonuclease, 3'-exoribonuclease (26 Jun 1999) |
| poly A tail | <molecular biology> A sequence of adenine nucleotides that get added to the 3' end of some primary transcript messenger RNA molecules in eukaryotes during post-transcriptional processing. The added tail is believed to confer stability to the molecule. Histone mRNA do not have poly A tail. The poly A tail is added post transcriptionally to the primary transcript as part of the nuclear processing of RNA yielding hnRNAs with 60-200 adenylate residues in the tail. In the cytoplasm the poly A tail on mRNAs is gradually reduced in length. The function of the poly A tail is not clear but it is the basis of a useful technique for the isolation of eukaryotic mRNAs. The technique uses an affinity column with oligo(u) or oligo(dT) immobilised on a solid support. If cytoplasmic RNA is applied to such a column, poly A rich RNA (mRNA) will be retained. (13 Nov 1997) |
| poly a-u | <chemical> A double-stranded polyribonucleotide comprising polyadenylic and polyuridylic acids and believed to be a stimulant of the immune system through induction of interferon. Pharmacological action: antiviral agents, interferon inducers. Chemical name: 5'-Adenylic acid, homopolymer, complex with 5'-uridylic acid homopolymer (1:1) (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly adenosine diphosphate ribose | <chemical> A polynucleotide formed from NAD in the presence of NAD+ nucleosidase. Chemical name: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P'-5-ester with D-ribose, homopolymer (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase | <enzyme> Splits ribose-ribose bonds; glycohydrolase I has a higher molecular weight and is tightly bound to mammalian cell nuclei; glycohydrolase II has lower molecular weight and is found in cytosol Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- Synonym: (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase I, (ADP-ribose)n glycohydrolase II (26 Jun 1999) |
| poly c | <chemical> A group of cytosine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each cytosine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties. Chemical name: 5'-Cytidylic acid, homopolymer (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly da-dt | <chemical> Polydeoxyribonucleotides made up of deoxyadenine nucleotides and thymine nucleotides. Present in DNA preparations isolated from crab species. Synthetic preparations have been used extensively in the study of DNA. Chemical name: 5'-Adenylic acid, thymidylyl-(5'-3')-2'-deoxy-, homopolymer (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly g | <chemical> A group of guanine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each guanine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties. Chemical name: 5'-Guanylic acid, homopolymer (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly I | A group of inosine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each inosine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties. (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly I-c | <chemical> Interferon inducer consisting of a synthetic, mismatched double-stranded RNA. The polymer is made of one strand each of polyinosinic acid and polycytidylic acid. Pharmacological action: antiviral agents, interferon inducers. Chemical name: 5'-Inosinic acid, homopolymer, complex with 5'-cytidylic acid homopolymer (1:1) (12 Dec 1998) |
| poly polymerase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the addition of adenine residues to the 3' end of pre-messenger RNAs to form the poly(A) tail. (09 Oct 1997) |
| poly t | <chemical> A group of thymine nucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each thymine nucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the deoxyribose moieties. Chemical name: 5'-Thymidylic acid, homopolymer (12 Dec 1998) |
| rolly-poly | A kind of pudding made of paste spread with fruit, rolled into a cylindrical form, and boiled or steamed. Shaped like a rolly-poly; short and stout. Alternative forms: roly-poly. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| exo-poly-alpha-galacturonosidase | <enzyme> Catalyses the hydrolysis of pectic acid from the non-reducing end releasing digalacturonate Registry number: EC 3.2.1.82 Synonym: pehx gene product, d-galacturonan digalacturonohydrolase, poly-(1-4)-alpha-d-galactosiduronate digalacturonohydrolase, polygalacturonate hydrolase, pehb gene product (26 Jun 1999) |