| PB test | Paul Bunnell test |
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| PB | British pharmacopeia [Pharmacopoeia Britannica]; paraffin bath; Paul-Bunnell [antibody]; periodic br... |
| PBT | Paul-Bunnell test; phenacetin breath test; piebald trait; profile-based therapy |
| P-B | Paul--Bunnell |
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| Paul Ehrlich | <person> A brilliant scientist and student, born in Silesia, Germany, who at the age of 23 published his first scientific paper which was on the discovery of the mast cells - a name coined by him (1887). While a resident in medicine at Charite Hospital in Berlin he utilised the newly discovered aniline dyes to develop some of the basic methods of histology. Among his contributions are: The preparation and staining of blood smears, he demonstrated granules in leukocytes, described the neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil, myelocyte, and mononuclear cells (white blood cells), he demonstrated normoblasts, megaloblasts and microblasts of the erythrocytic (red blood cell) series. In 1887, he differentiated lymphocytic leukaemia from "bone marrow leukaemia" (myeloid) on blood smear, in 1888, he described aplastic anaemia, in 1882 the diazo reaction of typhoid urines, in 1882, less than six weeks after Koch described the Tuberculus bacillus, Ehrlich had described its acid-fastness and devised the fuchsin stain to demonstrate the pink rod on a blue background. Ehrlich fell ill with tuberculosis and went to Egypt for 3 years for rest and cure. Following his return, he entered the field of immunology. at Von Behring's request, he developed means of standardising antitoxin dosage (immunization units). at the age of 42, he became director of the "Royal Institute for Standardisation and Investigation of Antitoxic Sera." Here he devised his famous "side-chain" theory of immunisation. It has since been replaced. Paul Ehrlich reinvestigated Bordet's alexin and heat-stable substance and named them "complement" and "immune body". Ehrlich coined the terms and created a new science of chemotherapy. In 1910 he discovered Salvarsan or 606, a therapeutic antiluetic. For his silver bullet (Salvarsan) in 1908, he received the Nobel Prize. This scientist was greatly concerned over the problem of drug fastness which still remains a problem. He died August 20, 1915. Lived: 1854-1915. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| Paul of Aegina | <person> He was the last and the most famous of all the Byzantine physicians. He remained in Alexandria after the Arabic invasions. His writings and his works particularly influenced the Arabians who studied and translated them. He studied and practiced at Alexandria and also at Rome. He wrote a medical encyclopaedia in seven books. Paul of Aegina is best known for his surgical diagnoses and techniques. He wrote extensively on bites and stings, which in general consisted of sucking the wound, cupping, and application of hot wine, onions and theriacs. For example: listen to this instructions for herniorrhaphy: One makes an incision the length of three fingers' width in the inguinal region above the (hernia) swelling. One separates the skin and the fat (from the wound) and exposes the peritoneum, and then pushes aside the intestines with the tip of a sound. The bulges of the peritoneum, which are formed on the two sides of the wound (hernia), are united with sutures, after the wound (hernia) is withdrawn. One does not cut the peritoneum or touch the testicle, but one proceeds simply to the treatment of the wound (hernia). This surgical description is not vastly different from our current described methods, and is much superior to the Arabian method of applying the glowing cautery to the inguinal region. The Medical Encyclopaedia (seven books) of Paul of Aegina has been of particular importance to us, as it presents information relative to surgical progress since the time of Celsus. Lived: 625-690. (15 Nov 1997) |
| Paul's reaction | Pus is rubbed into a scarification on a rabbit's eye; if the pus is from a variolous or vaccinal pustule a condition of epitheliosis develops in from 36 to 48 hours; the sputum of a smallpox patient is said to cause the same reaction. Synonym: Paul's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Paul's test | Pus is rubbed into a scarification on a rabbit's eye; if the pus is from a variolous or vaccinal pustule a condition of epitheliosis develops in from 36 to 48 hours; the sputum of a smallpox patient is said to cause the same reaction. Synonym: Paul's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Paul, Gustav | <person> Austrian physician, 1859-1935. See: Paul's reaction, Paul's test, Paul-Bunnell test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Paul-Bunnell test | Test for detection of heterophil antibodies in infectious mononucleosis. See: Forssman antigen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pauli's exclusion principle | The theory limiting the number of electrons in the orbit or shell of an atom; that it is not possible for any two electrons to have all four quantum numbers identical. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pauli, Wolfgang | <person> Austrian-U.S. Physicist and Nobel laureate, 1900-1958. See: Pauli's exclusion principle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pauling's theory | A theory of narcosis pertaining to nonhydrogen-bonding agents; postulates the interaction of the molecules of the anaesthetic drug with water molecules in the brain. Synonym: Pauling's theory. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pauling, Linus | <person> U.S. Chemist and Nobel laureate, 1901$ndash;1994. See: Pauling's theory, Pauling-Corey helix. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pauling-Corey helix | The helical (commonly right-handed) form present in many proteins, deduced by Pauling and Corey from X-ray diffraction studies of proteins such as alpha-keratin; the helix is stabilised by hydrogen bonds between, e.g., ==C==O and HN== groups (symbolised by the centre dot in ==CO-HN==) of different eupeptide bonds. In a true a helix, there are 3.6 amino acid residues per turn of the helix. Synonym: 3.613 helix, Pauling-Corey helix. Collagen helix, an extended left-handed helix resulting from the high levels of glycine, l-proline, and l-hydroxyproline present in the collagens. There are 3.3 amino acids per turn of the helix. Three of those left-handed helices form a triple superhelix that is right-handed. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paulist | A member of The Institute of the Missionary Priests of St. Paul the Apostle, founded in 1858 by the Rev. I. T. Hecker of new York. The majority of the members were formerly Protestants. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| paulownia | <botany> A genus of trees of the order Scrophulariaceae, consisting of one species, Paulownia imperialis. The tree is native to Japan, and has immense heart-shaped leaves, and large purplish flowers in panicles. The capsules contain many little winged seeds, which are beautiful microscopic objects. The tree is hardy in America as far north as Connecticut. Origin: NL. So named from the Russian princess Anna Pavlovna. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| Bailliart, Paul | <person> French ophthalmologist, 1877-1969. See: Bailliart's ophthalmodynamometer. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Berg, Paul | <person> An American biochemist born in 1926, who won the Nobel Prize for developing a DNA mapping method. Also he determined that it takes two steps to oxidize fatty acids. (13 Nov 1997) |
| Bing, Paul Robert | <person> German neurologist, 1878-1956. See: Bing's reflex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Blocq, Paul | <person> French physician, 1860-1896. See: Blocq's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Blum, Paul | <person> French physician, 1878-1933. See: Gougerot and Blum disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bouin, Paul | <person> French histologist, 1870-1962. See: Bouin's fixative. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Busquet, Paul | <person> French physician, *1866. See: Busquet's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mayer, Paul | <person> German histologist, 1848-1923. See: Mayer's haemalum stain, Mayer's mucicarmine stain, Mayer's mucihematein stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Grawitz, Paul | <person> German pathologist, 1850-1932. See: Grawitz' basophilia, Grawitz' tumour. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Petit, Paul | <person> French anatomist, *1889. See: Petit's aponeurosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Romer, Paul | <person> German bacteriologist, 1876-1916. See: Romer's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mitrofanoff, Paul | <person> French paediatric surgeon, *1934. See: Mitrofanoff principle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mobius, Paul | <person> German physician, 1853-1907. See: Mobius' sign, Mobius' syndrome, Leyden-Mobius muscular dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Moloney, Paul | <person> Canadian physician, 1870-1939. See: Moloney test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Werlhof, Paul | <person> German physician, 1699-1767. See: Werlhof's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : Paullinia cupana, Paullinia pinnata
| Pauling |
United States chemist who studied the nature of chemical bonding (1901-1994)
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| Paul |
United States feminist (1885-1977) (New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an apostle; "Paul's name was Saul prior to his conversion to Christianity"
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| Paul |
UFO Researcher and professor of psychology and clinical neurophysiologist.
출처: www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/8167/ufodefde.htm
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| Pauling |
(1901-94) Chemistry theorist. Twice awarded Nobel Prize. Born in Oregon. One aunt, Stella "Fingers" Darling, was a well-known safe-cracker. His father Herman was a pharmacist who sold "Pauling's Pink Pills for Pale People" and died at a young age from a gastric ulcer.
출처: www.embassy.org.nz/encycl/p2encyc.htm
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| Paul |
"Little", the Roman name for Saul, an Apostle, a great missionary.
출처: www.godonthe.net/dictionary/p.html
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| Paul | (New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles |
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| Paul | United States feminist (1885-1977) |
| Paul | English theoretical physicist who applied relativity theory to quantum mechanics and predicted the existence of antimatter and the positron (1902-1984) |
| Paul | a legendary giant lumberjack of the north woods of the United States and Canada |
| Paul | United States bass singer and an outspoken critic of racism and proponent of socialism (1898-1976) |
| Paul | French postimpressionist painter who influenced modern art (especially cubism) by stressing the structural components latent in nature (1839-1906) |
| Paul | French composer (1865-1935) |
| Paul | German bacteriologist who found a `magic bullet' to cure syphilis and was a pioneer in the study of immunology (1854-1915) |
| Paul | French post-impressionist painter who worked in the South Pacific (1848-1903) |
| Paul | Swiss chemist who synthesized DDT and discovered its use as an insecticide (1899-1965) |
| Paul | German writer (1830-1914) |
| Paul | German neoclassical composer and conductor who believed that music should have a social purpose (1895-1963) |
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