| necrotizing enterocolitis | <radiology> NEC, pneumatosis intestinalis, submucosal: initial finding, mult. Cystic lucencies; looks like stool (!), subserosal: linear lucencies, portal vein: with or without transient; not significant, aetiology: preemie, perinatal stress, intestinal ischemia, survivors may develop intestinal strictures (12 Dec 1998) |
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| fetus | <biology, embryology, obstetrics> A developing unborn offspring of an animal that gives birth to its young (as opposed to laying eggs). From approximately three months after conception the offspring take on a recognisable form (all parts in place, etc.). In human development, the period after the seventh or eighth week of pregnancy is the foetal period. (12 Nov 1997) |
| antibiotic enterocolitis | Enterocolitis caused by oral administration of broad spectrum antibiotics, resulting from overgrowth of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci or yeasts and fungi, when the normal faecal Gram-negative organisms are suppressed, resulting in diarrhoea or pseudomembranous disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| regional enterocolitis | The changes of regional enteritis involving both the colon and the small intestine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crohn's enterocolitis | Crohn's disease involving both the small and large intestines. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pseudomembranous enterocolitis | Enterocolitis with the formation and passage of pseudomembranous material in the stools; occurs most commonly as a sequel to antibiotic therapy; caused by a necrolytic exotoxin made by Clostridium difficile. Synonym: pseudomembranous colitis, pseudomembranous enteritis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| enterocolitis | <pathology> Inflammation involving both the small intestine and the colon. See: enteritis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| enterocolitis, crohn's | Crohn's disease involving both the small and large intestines. Crohn's is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine primarily affecting the small and large intestines but which can occur anywhere in the digestive system between the mouth and the anus. Named after Burrill Crohn who described the disease in 1932. The disease usually affects persons in their teens or early twenties. It tends to be a chronic, recurrent condition with periods of remission and exacerbation. In the early stages, Crohn's disease causes small scattered shallow crater-like areas (erosions) called apthous ulcers in the inner surface of the bowel. With time, deeper and larger ulcers develop, causing scarring and stiffness of the bowel and the bowel becomes increasingly narrowed, leading to obstruction. Deep ulcers can puncture holes in the bowel wall, leading to infection in the abdominal cavity (peritonitis) and in adjacent organs. Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, vomiting, fever, and weight loss can be symptoms. Crohn's disease can be associated with reddish tender skin nodules, and inflammation of the joints, spine, eyes, and liver. Diagnosis is by barium enema, barium X-ray of the small bowel, and colonoscopy. Treatment includes medications for inflammation, immune suppression, antibiotics, or surgery. (The disease is also called regional enteritis and granulomatous enteritis). (12 Dec 1998) |
| enterocolitis, pseudomembranous | Acute inflammation of the small and large intestinal mucosa with formation of pseudomembranous plaques over superficial ulceration. It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and clostridium difficile is often implicated. In infants it is known as necrotizing enterocolitis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ABO haemolytic disease of the newborn | Erythroblastosis foetalis due to maternal-foetal incompatibility with respect to an antigen of the ABO blood group; the foetus possesses A or B antigen which is lacking in the mother, and the mother produces immune antibody which causes haemolysis of foetal erythrocytes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bullous impetigo of newborn | Usually, widely disseminated bullous lesions appearing soon after birth, caused by infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Synonym: impetigo neonatorum, pemphigus gangrenosus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn | A disease seen especially in premature neonates with respiratory distress; characterised postmortem by atelectasis and alveolar ducts lined by an eosinophilic membrane; also associated with reduced amounts of lung surfactant. Synonym: hyaline membrane syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pleural effusion in newborn | <radiology> Chylothorax most common cause of large effusion, erythroblastosis foetalis, Turner syndrome, congestive heart failure, infantile polycystic kidneys, wet-lung disease, hypervolaemia (idiopathic or iatrogenic), oesophageal tear, enteric cyst, obstructed pulmonary veins (12 Dec 1998) |
| congenital epulis of newborn | A congenital benign nodular tumour of the alveolar ridge, of unknown histogenesis; histologically, it is composed of large cells with a granular cytoplasm similar to that of a granular cell tumour (myoblastoma). (05 Mar 2000) |
| postnatal pit of the newborn | It marks the site where the embryonic spinal cord attaches to the skin. Synonym: postnatal pit of the newborn. (05 Mar 2000) |