| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| MW | Mallory-Weiss [syndrome]; mean weight; megawatt; microwave; Minot-von Willebrand [syndrome]; molecul... |
| TA | alkaline tuberculin; arterial tension; axillary temperature; tactile afferent; Takayasu arteritis; t... |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| MBs | Mallory bodies |
| MB | Mallory body |
| Mallory's aniline blue stain | <technique> A method especially suitable for studying connective tissue; sections are stained in acid fuchsin, aniline blue-orange G solution, and phosphotungstic acid; fibrils of collagen are blue, fibroglia, neuroglia, and muscle fibres are red, and fibrils of elastin are pink or yellow. Synonym: Mallory's aniline blue stain, Mallory's triple stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Mallory's collagen stain | <technique> One of a number of staining methods using phosphomolybdic or phosphotungstic acid with an acid stain, such as aniline blue, or with haematoxylin for connective tissue staining. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's iodine stain | <technique> Amyloid appears red-brown after Gram's iodine, then violet and blue after flooding with dilute sulfuric acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's phloxine stain | <technique> A technique based on retention of phloxine by hyaline after overstaining and then decolorizing with lithium carbonate, used in combination with alum haematoxylin to give nuclear staining; hyaline appears red, older hyaline is pink to colourless, amyloid is pale pink, and nuclei are blue-black. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain | A stain with broad application in cytology and histology; nuclei, mitochrondria, fibrin, neuroglial fibrils, and cross-striations of skeletal and cardiac muscle stain blue; cartilage ground substance, bone reticulum, and elastin appear in shades of yellow-orange and brownish red; also useful for demonstrating abnormal or diseased astrocytes, often in combination with periodic acid-Schiff stain and Luxol fast blue. Synonym: Mallory's phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's stain | <technique> For actinomyces, a stain using alum haematoxylin, followed by eosin; immersion in Ehrlich's aniline crystal violet stain, and Weigert's iodine solution; mycelia stain blue and clubs stain red. For haemofuchsin, sections are stained sequentially in alum haematoxylin and basic fuchsin; the lipofuchsin-like pigment and ceroid stain bright red, nuclei stain blue, while melanin and haemosiderin appear unstained in their natural browns. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's trichrome stain | <technique> A method especially suitable for studying connective tissue; sections are stained in acid fuchsin, aniline blue-orange G solution, and phosphotungstic acid; fibrils of collagen are blue, fibroglia, neuroglia, and muscle fibres are red, and fibrils of elastin are pink or yellow. Synonym: Mallory's aniline blue stain, Mallory's triple stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's triple stain | <technique> A method especially suitable for studying connective tissue; sections are stained in acid fuchsin, aniline blue-orange G solution, and phosphotungstic acid; fibrils of collagen are blue, fibroglia, neuroglia, and muscle fibres are red, and fibrils of elastin are pink or yellow. Synonym: Mallory's aniline blue stain, Mallory's triple stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| picro-Mallory trichrome stain | <technique> A modification of Mallory's trichrome stain that involves the addition of picric acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| actinomyces | <microbiology> A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms are nonmotile. Filaments that may be present in certain species are either straight or wavy and may have swollen or clubbed heads. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Actinomyces bovis | A species of bacteria causing actinomycosis in cattle; infection in humans is not established; it is the type species of its genus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Actinomyces israelii | A species of bacteria causing human actinomycosis and, occasionally, infections in cattle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Actinomyces naeslundii | A species whose natural habitat is the oral cavity; human infections have been reported, and it produces periodontal destruction in some species of animals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Actinomyces odontolyticus | A species whose normal habitat is the human oral cavity; it has been isolated from deep dental caries. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Actinomyces pyogenes | <bacteria> A species of corynebacterium isolated from abscesses of warm-blooded animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|